球形和片状氯化钠晶习调控研究  

Crystal Habit Regulation of Spherical and Plate-Like Sodium Chloride

作　　者：朱明河 张旭[1] 靳沙沙 龚俊波[1] Zhu Minghe;Zhang Xu;Jin Shasha;Gong Junbo(School of Chemical Engineering and Technology ,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072, Chin)

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院,天津300072

出　　处：《化学工业与工程》2018年第3期55-61,共7页Chemical Industry and Engineering

基　　金：天津市科技兴海项目(KJXH2015-1);水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2015ZX07202-013)

摘　　要：晶习会影响晶体的流动性、堆密度等多种性质,目前氯化钠主要以立方晶习存在,导致其在包装和运输等过程中极易结块。为了解决立方氯化钠的结块问题,开发了多品种食用盐,研究了减压蒸发结晶实验中的多个操作条件对氯化钠晶习的影响,探索了立方氯化钠在甲醇-水混合溶剂中的晶习变化,并研究了小规模液体蒸发对于氯化钠晶体生长的影响。结果表明:在减压蒸发结晶实验中,使用优化的工艺条件能够得到球形化较好的氯化钠球形晶体;当用甲醇质量分数为0.5左右的甲醇-水混合溶剂溶解立方形氯化钠晶体时,可获得球形晶习;而通过使用小规模液体蒸发的方法可以得到粒度较大的片状晶体。The crystal habit can affect the crystal mobility, bulk density and other properties. At present, sodium chloride exists mainly in the way of cubic crystal, which results in its caking easily in its packa- ging, transportation and other processes. In order to solve the caking problem of cubic sodium chloride and develop the multi-species edible salt, we studied the effects of multiple operating conditions in the evaporation crystallization experiment on the crystal habit of sodium chloride. In addition, the changes of crystal habit of cubic sodium chloride dissolved in methanol-water mixed solvent were studied and the effects of small-scale liquid evaporation on the crystal growth of sodium chloride were also studied. It can be concluded that the spherical sodium chloride crystals could be obtained by using the optimized operating conditions in the evaporation crystallization experiment. Moreover, sodium chloride can dissolve into a spherical crystal when the cubic sodium chloride is dissolved in a methanol-water mixed solvent,which having a mass fraction of methanol about 0.5. Finally, it can be found that the plate-like crystal with large particle size can be obtained by using the method of small-scale liquid evaporation.

关 键 词：氯化钠 晶习 球晶 片状晶体 

分 类 号：O713.5[理学—晶体学]