基于高效低损目标的马铃薯收获机改进设计  

Improved Design of Potato Harvester Based on High Efficiency and Low Loss Target

作　　者：孙传祝[1,2] 魏忠彩 苏国粱 杨平 李学强 王法明 王相友 Sun Chuanzhu;Wei Zhongcai;Su Guoliang;Yang Ping;Li Xueqiang;Wang Faming;Wang Xiangyou(Shandong University of Technology School of Mechanical Engineering;School of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Zibo 255091, China;Shandong Provincial Intelligent Engineering and Technology Research Center for Potato Production Equipment, Dezhou 253600, China;College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;Shandong Xicheng Agricultural Machinery Science and Technology Co. Ltd., Dezhou 253600, China;Zibo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zibo 255033, China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学机械工程学院,山东淄博255091 [2]山东省马铃薯生产装备智能化工程技术研究中心,山东德州253600 [3]中国农业大学工学院,北京100083 [4]山东希成农业机械科技有限公司,山东德州253600 [5]淄博市农业科学研究院,山东淄博255033 [6]山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院,山东淄博255091

出　　处：《农机化研究》2018年第12期65-69,共5页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2017CXGC0219);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0701603-02);山东省农机化装备研发创新项目(2016YF034)

摘　　要：针对现有马铃薯收获机收获效率低、伤薯率和破皮率高等问题,以高效、低损为目标,采用垄上压力自动调整、切土驱动、挖掘深度自动调整、振动强度参数可调和波浪式薯土分离等技术对现有马铃薯收获机进行了改进设计。改进后的马铃薯收获机收获作业过程中,压土轮始终处于浮动状态,既能松离薯土,又可避免压溃薯垄而导致伤薯;有效保证切土盘始终处于正常转动状态,彻底解决现有收获机作业过程中切土盘的时断时续转动问题;始终保证两侧的挖掘深度一致,有效解决因地表倾斜而导致的伤薯及能耗较高问题;马铃薯及土块、秧蔓混合物经过波峰与波谷之间的"翻滚"而实现碎土,提高了筛分效率,且可根据需要自动调整振动强度。本研究为马铃薯收获机的后续研究奠定了坚实基础。Aimed at the potato harvester of low efficiency,high injury rate of potato and broken skin rate,with high efficiency and low loss as the goal,the ridge on the automatic pressure adjustment,cut automatic driving,digging depth,adjustable vibration intensity and wave potato soil separation technology to the existing potato harvester was improved design. In the process of harvesting,the press wheel was always in a floating state,which can be loosened from the potato and soil and avoid the crushing of the potato,which can lead to the potato. It is effective to ensure that the cutting disk was always in a normal rotation state,and completely solve the problem of the intermittent rotation of the cutting disk in the process of the existing harvester. Always ensure the depth of the excavation on both sides is consistent and effectively solve the potato problem caused by surface slope. The potato and soil mass and the mixture of the seedlings are broken by the ＂rolling＂between the peaks and the trough,which improves the efficiency of the screening and automatically adjusts the vibration intensity as needed. This paper lays a solid foundation for the subsequent study of potato harvester.

关 键 词：马铃薯 收获机 高效 低损 

分 类 号：S225.71[农业科学—农业机械化工程]