社区尺度下流动人口聚居区空间识别与尺度效应——以北京市为例  

Spatial identification and scale effects of floating population agglomerations at the community scale: A case study of Beijing

作　　者：赵美风 刘盛和[2] 戚伟[2] ZHAO Meifeng;LIU Shenghe;QI Wei(School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China;Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学地理与环境科学学院,天津300387 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《地理研究》2018年第6期1208-1222,共15页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41701151);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(17YJCZH256;16YJCZH050);天津师范大学博士基金(52XB1621)

摘　　要：以北京市为案例区,以土地利用与人口分布的同一性为基础,通过建立基于空间配置法的流动人口聚居区识别方法,实现了社区尺度流动人口聚居区的空间识别。在此基础上,对比街道尺度和社区尺度流动人口聚居区的识别结果,判断流动人口聚居区的空间尺度效应,探析流动人口聚居区空间尺度效应的形成原因,明确选择社区尺度作为识别空间单元的必要性。研究发现:基于空间配置法的社区尺度流动人口聚居区识别方法具有较高的准确度,能够有效识别案例区约90%的流动人口聚居区。流动人口聚居区具有显著的空间尺度效应,主要原因包括:较大空间尺度容易忽略区域内部社会空间差异、城乡分割的二元社会经济体制和高速城市化进程。研究结论将为流动人口聚居区系统化、精细化研究提供技术支撑和方法借鉴,为政府相关部门进行流动人口聚居区顶层制度设计提供科学依据。Floating population agglomeration is a typical ＂heterogeneous community＂ in big cities, with the characteristics of socioeconomic duality and and spatial heterogeneity. How to transform the floating population agglomeration has become the focus issue that influences the new-type urbanization process and the citizenization of rural migrant workers. As the basis and premise of the research on floating population agglomeration, the spatial identification of floating population agglomeration is the primary problem that needs to be solved urgently. Based on the identity of land use and population distribution, this paper uses the floating population agglomeration identification method based on spatial collocation to achieve the spatial identification of floating population agglomerations at the community scale. Then it compares the spatial identification results of the floating population agglomerations at the subdistrict scale and the community scale, identifies the spatial scale effects of floating population agglomerations, analyzes the mechanism of spatial scale effects of floating population agglomerations, and explores the necessity of choosing community scale as the basic unit. The results show that： Firstly, the floating population agglomerations at the community scale based on spatial collocation method are highly accurate, which can effectively identify approximately 90% of the floating population agglomerations in the case area. Secondly, the floating population agglomeration has significant spatial scale effects. The identification method at the larger spatial scale （subdistrict scale） easily leads to excessive or omissive identification of floating population settlement area. Meanwhile, the identification method at the smaller spatial scale （community scale） is better to grasp and reflect the social spatial differentiation. Thirdly, the main reasons of the spatial scale effects of the floating population agglomerations are as follows： the large spatial scale that easily overlooks the socia

关 键 词：流动人口聚居区 社区尺度 空间识别 尺度效应 北京 

分 类 号：C924.2[社会学—人口学]