努力提高我国眼化学烧伤的防治水平  

How to improve the prevention and treatment of ocular chemical burns in China： important elements

作　　者：黄一飞[1] 王丽强[1] Huang Yifei;Wang Liqiang(The General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Belting 100853, China)

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院眼科,北京100853

出　　处：《中华眼科杂志》2018年第6期401-405,共5页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology

摘　　要：眼化学烧伤是需要紧急处理、评估和治疗的眼科急症，是我国常见眼部疾患。眼化学烧伤可造成视力丧失和毁容等，给患者及其家庭带来极大痛苦，因此需要从不同层面采取各种措施加以预防，而一旦发生须将损伤程度降至最低。本文从转变眼化学烧伤的治疗观念、关注眼化学烧伤分级及与预后关系的变化、提高我国眼化学烧伤的预防水平、积极应对眼化学烧伤救治中的问题和挑战4个方面进行阐述，以期为进一步提高我国眼化学烧伤的防治水平指明方向、提供参考。Ocular chemical bums are common and serious ocular emergencies which require immediate and intensive evaluation and treatment. Loss of vision and disfigurement affect the victims, bringing great sufferings to themselves and their families. China is the biggest developing country in the world with a large number of such cases. The prevention of ocular chemical bums is emphasized in different aspects. After emergency treatment, proper care of chemical burns is started by control of inflammation with corticosteroids. Topical and systemic ascorbic acid supplement is important. Re-epithelialization is critical to stabilize the ocular surface and to prevent corneal ulceration and mehing. The goal of treatment is mainly to restore the ocular structure and function. Neuroproteetion is important during the treatment course for control of both glaucoma and inflammation. Prognosis depends on the degree of limbal, corneal and conjunctival involvement at the time of injury as well as the management. Medical treatments only or with combination of surgical procedures, including amniotic membrane transplantation, epithelial or limbal stem cell transplantation, tenonplasty, keratoplasty and keratoprosthesis, are according to the classification of ocular chemical burns and the phases. Further investigations should be done in the future in both prevention and management of ocular chemical burns in China.

关 键 词：眼烧伤 烧伤 化学 急诊处理 

分 类 号：R779.13[医药卫生—眼科]