NCLB法案以来美国农村教师补充的政策逻辑及其实现路径研究  

A Study on the American Rural Teachers' Supplement Policy Logic and its Actualization Path since NCLB

作　　者：吕武[1] 金志峰 LV Wu;JIN Zhifeng(Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;China Institute of Education Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学中国教育政策研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《外国教育研究》2018年第6期67-77,共11页Studies in Foreign Education

基　　金：安徽省人文社会科学重点研究基地重点项目"安徽省基础教育均衡发展的制度保障研究"(项目批号:SK2014A132B)

摘　　要：NCLB法案中提高对教师质量要求的政策加剧了美国农村教师补充困难。针对这种状况,联邦政府重构政策系统,扩大政策资源供给,建立科学的评估和问责机制,并和州政府、地方政府以及学区统一协调和推动农村教师培养和补充。在充分吸取20世纪50年代以来农村教师补充项目模式和途径经验的基础上,各州结合其实际情况将已有项目和途径进行重新调整和整合,逐步形成了相对独立的、以州政府和学区为主导的、以本地培养为主要途径的农村教师补充体系。中美两国虽教育管理体制不同,但当前我国面临的农村教师补充困境和美国具有极大的相似性,其政策逻辑与实现路径对我国有着一定的借鉴与参照意义。The enactment of the NCLB act has increased the difficulties in supple-menting the rural teachers in the United States since its increasing requirements of the qual-ities of teachers. In response to this dilemma,the federal government took action to recon-struct the policy system,expand the supply of policy resources and establish the scientificassessment and accountability mechanisms,as well as cooperating with the local govern-ments and school districts to coordinate and promote the development of rural teachers＇ sup-plement. Based on the experiences of the supplement modes and methods of the rural teach-ers since 1950 s,each state adjusted and integrated its modes and methods in graduallyforming a relatively independent supplement system that takes the state governments andschool districts as dominant force and local training as the main way. Although there are dif-ferences in educational management systems between China and America,the greatly simi-lar supplement dilemma of the rural teachers in China with the United States faced at thebeginning of this century lets us research the American policy logic and its implementationpath of the rural teachers＇ supplement which may have tremendous reference meaning toChina.

关 键 词：美国 NCLB法案 农村教师补充 联邦政府 州政府 

分 类 号：G451[文化科学—教育学] G712[文化科学—教育技术学]