三维影像技术在承灾体基础数据调查中的应用——以吐鲁番市主城区为例  

Application of 3D Imaging Technique in Basic Data Investigation of Disaster Bearing Body——A Case of Turpan City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

作　　者：李金香[1] 温和平[1] 张治广[1] 兰陵[1] 金花[1] Li Jinxiang;Wen Heping;Zhang Zhiguang;Lan Ling;Jin Hua(Earthquake Agency of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830011, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区地震局,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《震灾防御技术》2018年第2期424-438,共15页Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention

基　　金：地震应急青年重点任务(CEA_EDEM-201511);新疆地震科学基金项目(201510);中国地震局工程力学研究所大中城市地震灾害情景构建重点专项(2017QJGJ02)

摘　　要：承灾体基础数据是地震灾害评估的核心数据,是制定防灾减灾政策的基础,具有十分重要的地位。数据获取主要靠野外调查,费时费力,研究承灾体数据的快速获取方法刻不容缓。本文以新疆维吾尔自治区吐鲁番市主城区为例,对三维影像技术在承灾体基础数据调查中的应用进行了研究,以无人机倾斜摄影测量数据为基础,运用三维模型构建、遥感信息提取与地理信息系统空间分析方法,进行区域房屋基础数据信息提取,获取了研究区真实房屋空间分布、结构类型、建筑面积及层数等数据,为该地区地震预测预防、地震应急、震时救灾以及震后恢复等防震减灾工作服务。The basic data of disaster bearing body is the core data of earthquake disaster assessment, and is the foundation of the policy-making in disaster prevention and mitigation. In past data acquisition was mainly based on field investigation, which is time-consuming and laborious. So it is important to develop the method of rapid acquisition of disaster bearing body data. Taking Turpan city as an example, we studied the application of 3D imaging technique in the basic data investigation of disaster bearing body. In this paper, based on oblique photogrammetric data of unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV）, 3D model construction, RS information extraction and GIS spatial analysis methods are applied to extract the basic information of regional houses. Then the spatial distribution, structure type, building area and number of stories of the buildings are obtained. The above data is essential for the regional earthquake disaster mitigation, such as earthquake prediction and disaster prevention before earthquake, emergency management and disaster relief after earthquake.

关 键 词：三维模型 无人机 遥感 承灾体 吐鲁番 

分 类 号：P315.9[天文地球—地震学]