复合水凝胶支架在骨组织工程中的应用  

Application of composite hydrogel scaffold in bone tissue engineering

作　　者：程燚[1] 章非敏[1] CHENG Yi;ZHANG Feimin(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanfing 210029, China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学口腔疾病研究江苏省重点实验室,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《口腔医学》2018年第6期563-568,共6页Stomatology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划纳米科技重点专项(2016YFA201700)

摘　　要：大面积的颌骨缺损是口腔医学中的常见临床问题,目前广泛运用骨组织移植、引导骨组织再生技术、牵张成骨的方法修复骨缺损,恢复组织器官的功能与美观,但这些方法依然存在局限性。骨组织工程的出现为骨缺损患者的治疗提供了新选择,其重点是制备支架材料替代移植物,植入缺损区,实现骨愈合。其中,支架材料的选择是组织工程骨再生的核心问题。相较于传统支架材料,水凝胶的机械学性能、生物相容性、生物可降解性具有独特的优势,是理想的骨修复支架材料,在组织工程的应用中,已获得初步进展。近期研究发现,复合水凝胶、环境敏感型水凝胶支架能提高材料表面的细胞粘附并诱导干细胞向成骨方向分化,为指导骨修复提供了全新的策略。One of the most common clinical problems in Stomatology is the defect of jaw. Currently,methods such as bone tissue transplantation,guided bone tissue regeneration and distraction osteogenesis have been widely used to repair bone defects in order to restore the appearance and functions of the tissues. But they still have their own limitations. Bone tissue engineering provides a new option for the treatment of patients with bone defects. It focuses on how to prepare scaffolds instead of implants,and then transplant the scaffold into the area with bone defect to achieve the purpose of bone regeneration. Among them,the key factor in the success of bone tissue engineering is the choice of scaffold materials. Compared with conventional scaffold materials,hydrogels have unique advantages in terms of mechanical properties,biocompatibility and biodegradability. They are ideal materials that can be used to repair bone defects,and have made some progress in the application of regenerative medicine. Recently,researchers have found that composite hydrogel scaffolds and environment-sensitive hydrogel scaffolds can improve the attachment ability of cells and can make mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into osteoblasts,which provides a new strategy for bone repair.

关 键 词：水凝胶 复合支架材料 骨组织工程 干细胞 骨再生 

分 类 号：R783.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]