哈尔滨城市森林土壤对污水的净化能力  

Purification capacity for treating sewage of urban forest soil in Harbin

作　　者：段文标[1] 段文靖[1] 陈立新[1] 沈海龙[1] 韩冬荟[1] 曲美学 Amadou Touré 张玉双[1] DUAN Wen-biao;DUAN Wen-jing;CHEN Li-xin;SHEN Hai-long;HAN Dong-hui;QU Mei-xue;AMADOU Touré;ZHANG Yu-shuang(School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China）.)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2018年第7期2130-2138,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2015BAD07B06-5)资助

摘　　要：为探明城市森林不同林型土壤对污水净化能力,为水岸防护林的配置提供依据,选择哈尔滨市城市林业示范基地内代表性的3种人工林(蒙古栎、黄檗、水曲柳)为研究对象,将无植被生长的裸地作为对照,通过室内土柱模拟法,定期采集马家沟污水进行室内模拟浇灌,对土柱中淋滤液进行成分测定。结果表明:所选的3个林型对铵态氮的去除效果显著(P<0.05),各林型土柱吸附的铵态氮量以及各林型与对照之间差异均不显著(P>0.05);3个林型及对照土柱淋滤液中硝态氮量与未经土柱过滤的污水相比均极显著增加(P<0.01),且滤出的硝态氮量随着进水量的增加而增加,3个林型土柱淋出的硝态氮量均低于对照,但差异并不显著(P>0.05),各林型间的差异也不显著;3个林型及对照土柱淋滤液的p H值均显著低于未经土柱过滤的污水;各林型土柱淋滤液中溶解氧均高于未经土柱过滤的污水,但差异并不显著,且与对照无显著差异;除蒙古栎人工林外,其他两个林型及对照土柱淋滤液的氧化还原电位、电导率和总溶解固体与未经土柱过滤的污水相比均显著增加。To ascertain the purification capacity of urban forest soil of different forest types for treating sewage and provide scientific basis for the configuration of waterfront shelter forests,we selected three forest types（ Quercus mongolica plantation,Fraxinus mandshurica plantation,Phellodendron amurense plantation） in the demonstration base of urban forest in Harbin as the research object and bare land as the control. The Majiagou sewage was collected for indoor simulated irrigation. The compositions of soil column leachate following irrigation were measured. The results showed that the removal effects of ammonium in the three forest soils were significant（ P〈0.05）. The ammonium absorbed in the soil column was not different among three forest soils,which was also not significant from the control（ P〈0.05）. The concentration of nitrate in leachate from the soil columns in three forest types and the control increased significantly as compared with the sewage without soil column filter（ P〈0.01）,which increased with the water inflow. The quality of nitrate leached from the soil column of three forest types was lower than that of the control,but the difference was not significant（ P〈0. 05）. The pH of leachate from the soil columns of three forest types and the control was significantly lower than that without soil column filter. The dissolved oxygen in leachate from the soil columns of each forest type was higher than that without soil column filter,but the difference was not significant. Except for the Q. mongolica plantation,the redox potential,electrical conductivity,and total dissolved solids in the leachates from soil columns of other two forest types and the control increased significantly compared with the sewage without filtered soil column.

关 键 词：森林土壤 污水处理 原状土柱 淋滤 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]