ICU患者、家属及护士对陪护需求认知的差异性研究  

Differences of accompany needs cognition in ICU unattended ward among patients,families and nurses

作　　者：张海燕[1] 干雁群 沈新[1] 吴亮[1] ZHANG Hai-yan;GAN Yan-qun;SHEN Xin;et al(Intensive Care Unit, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China)

机构地区：[1]浙江医院ICU,浙江杭州310013

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2018年第9期1583-1585,共3页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：浙江省卫生科技计划项目(2017KY186)

摘　　要：目的调查ICU无陪护病房患者、家属的陪护需求与护士对需求认知之间的差异性,以期能为ICU无陪护模式病房的改革或无陪护模式在其他科室的开展提供一定的参考依据。方法使用方便抽样,选取2017年5—9月在浙江医院ICU无陪护病房住院的298例患者、356例家属和63例护士作为研究对象。使用"住院患者陪护需求调查问卷"进行调查。采用方差分析、SNK两两比较等方法进行统计学分析。结果 ICU无陪护病房患者、家属与护士在对陪护需求的总体认知上存在差异性(F=4.091,P<0.05),家属对陪护的需求明显高于患者和护士(P<0.05)。差异性主要体现在"生理需要"和"尊重需要"的差异。家属对生理陪护的需求高于患者和护士,家属和护士对尊重需要的需求高于患者。患者、家属和护士中,陪护需求得分最高的均为"生理需要",最低的均为"自我实现的需要"。而对"安全需要""爱与归属需要"和"尊重需要"得分的排名有所差异。在患者中,"安全需要">"尊重需要">"爱与归属需要";在家属和护士中,"尊重需要">"安全需要">"爱与归属需要"。结论 ICU无陪护模式病房患者、家属及护士对陪护需求的认知存在差异,在无陪护模式病房的推广中,需重视差异性的纠正与引导,并寻求和建立最适合本科室实际状况的无陪护模式病房制度。Objective To explore the differences of accompany needs in ICU unattended ward among patients, families and nurses, and provide guidance to the reform of ICU unattended ward or the implementation of unattended ward in other department. Methods There were 298 patients, 356 family members and 63 nurses recruited from Intensive Care Unit of Zhejiang Hospital in Hangzhou between May and September 2017 by convenience sampling. The Inpatients Accompany Needs Questionnaire was used to collect data. Analysis of variance and SNK pairwise comparison were used for statistical analysis. Results The cognition of accompany needs in patients, families and nurses were different （ F = 4. 091, P 〈 0.05）. The score in families was higher than families and nurses （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The differences were mainly in physical needs and esteem needs subscales. Families＇ score of physical needs was higher than patients and nurses. Scores of es- teem needs in families and nurse were higher than patients. All the top score in subscales is physical needs, lowest score is self-actualization needs subscale. The rankings of safety needs, love and belonging needs and esteem needs subscales were different, safety needs 〉 esteem needs 〉 belongingness and love needs in patients, and esteem needs 〉 safety needs 〉 belongingness and love needs in families and nurses. Conclusion There are differences of accompany needs cognition in ICU unattended ward among patients, families and nurses. These differences should be emphasized and cor- rected in the promotion of unattended ward and establish the most suitable unattended ward system.

关 键 词：ICU 患者 家属 护士 陪护需求 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]