高龄对超低位直肠或肛管癌患者行经内外括约肌间切除术后近期疗效的影响  

Short-term effect of elderly patients with ultra-low rectal or canal cancer after intersphincteric resection

作　　者：甘志明[1,2] 阳川华 汪晓东[1] 李立[1] GAN Zhiming;YANG Chuanhua;WANG Xiaodong;LI Li(Department of Gastroenterology Surgery,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,P.R.China;West China Medical School,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,P.R.China;Department of Anorectal Surgery,The First People＇s Hospital of Chengdu,Chengdu 610041,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院胃肠外科中心,成都610041 [2]四川大学华西临床医学院,成都610041 [3]成都市第一人民医院肛肠外科,成都610041

出　　处：《中国普外基础与临床杂志》2018年第7期807-811,共5页Chinese Journal of Bases and Clinics In General Surgery

摘　　要：目的探讨高龄对超低位直肠或肛管癌患者行经内外括约肌间切除(ISR)术后的近期疗效是否有影响。方法前瞻性纳入2016年2月至2017年2月期间符合本研究纳入条件的患者共196例,根据患者年龄进行分组,将年龄≥75岁的患者纳入高龄组,<75岁的患者纳入非高龄组,比较2组患者行内外括约肌间切除术后的近期疗效。结果高龄组113例,非高龄组83例,2组患者在性别构成、体质量指数、肿瘤组织学类型、分化程度、肿瘤大小和肿瘤距肛缘距离方面比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但高龄组的麻醉ASA分级明显高于非高龄组(P=0.002),且合并肺功能不全、低蛋白血症、贫血、高血压、糖尿病和心功能不全的比例均明显高于非高龄组(P值分别为0.005、0.048、0.009、0.001、<0.001、0.042),其他内科合并症如冠心病、胃溃疡、精神疾病和血栓的比例2组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组患者的手术时间及术中出血量比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),高龄组患者的首次排气时间、首次进食时间、首次排便时间、首次下床活动时间及总住院时间均较非高龄组长(P值分别为0.023、0.037、0.019、0.020及0.012)。2组术后总并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),2组吻合口漏、肛周感染、肠梗阻及切口感染发生率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。196例患者均获得随访,随访率为100%;平均随访7个月。随访期间出现复发患者4例,其中高龄组3例,非高龄组1例。随访期间死亡患者3例,其中高龄组组2例,非高龄组1例。结论高龄超低位直肠或肛管癌患者由于术前状态较差,行内外括约肌间切除术后较非高龄患者的近期恢复更缓慢,但是高龄并没有增加超低位直肠或肛管癌患者行内外括约肌间切除术后的并发症发生。因此,对于高龄超低位直肠或肛管癌患者行内外括约肌间切除术仍然是安全、有效的,但这�Objective To discuss whether age has an influence on short-term effect of intersphincteric resection （ISR） for elderly （≥75 years old） patients with ultra-low rectal or canal cancer or not. Methods From February 2016 to February 2017, 196 patients with ultra-low rectal or canal cancer received ISR in the Gastrointestinal Surgery Center of West China Hospital were eligible to include in this study, then they were divided into ≥75 years old group and 〈75 years old group according to the patients＇ age. The intraoperative index, postoperative index, and complications rate were compared between these two groups. Results There were 113 cases in the ≥75 years old group, 83 cases in the 〈75 years old group, the baselines such as the gender composition, body mass index, tumor histology type, differentiation degree, tumor size, and distance from the anal margin had no significant differences （P〉0.05）, but the preoperative anaesthetized ASA grade, proportions of pulmonary insufficiency, hypoproteinemia, anemia, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiac insufficiency of the ≥75 years old group were significantly higher than those of the 〈75 years old group （P〈0.05）. The operative time, intraoperative bleeding, and total complications rate had no differences between these two groups （P〉0.05）, the first exhaust time, the first eating time, the first defecation time, the first ambulation time, and hospitalization time of the ≥ 75 years old group were significantly longer than those of the 〈75 years old group （P=0.023, 0.037, 0.019, 0.020, and 0.012, respectively）. There were no significant differences in the incidences of the anastomotic leakage, perianal infection, intestinal obstruction, and wound infection between these two groups （P〉0.05）. All the 196 patients were followed-up with an average follow-up of 7 months, there were 4 cases of recurrent patients, of which 3 were in the ≥75 years old group and 1 in the 〈75 years old group; there were 3 cases of death, of whic

关 键 词：高龄 超低位直肠或肛管癌 经内外括约肌间切除 近期疗效 

分 类 号：R735.3[医药卫生—肿瘤]