罗非鱼鱼尾色素提取及其稳定性研究  

A study on the extraction and stability of the pigment from Tilapia fish tail

作　　者：梁志[1] 胡鑫鑫[1] 车文成[1] 甘钊生[1] LIANG Zhi;HU Xin-xin;CHE Wen-cheng;GAN Zhao-sheng(Department of Chemical Engineering,Maoming Vocational and Technical College,Maoming 52500)

机构地区：[1]茂名职业技术学院化学工程系,茂名525000

出　　处：《中国食品添加剂》2018年第6期80-85,共6页China Food Additives

基　　金：茂名市科技立项项目[茂科字(2016)9号]:2016008

摘　　要：以罗非鱼鱼尾为原料,经过溶剂浸提提取色素,并对其进行稳定性研究,以期开发天然色素。以罗非鱼鱼尾色素的最大吸收波长处的吸光度为判定标准,通过单因素试验,正交试验优选最佳的提取工艺。将最佳提取工艺得到的色素溶液进行光、热、酸碱、氧化还原剂、常见食品添加剂和配料对其影响的测试,研究其在食品中的应用效果。结果表明,罗非鱼尾色素提取最佳工艺如下:提取剂为无水乙醇、提取温度为25℃、提取时间为24h、料液比为1∶5;罗非鱼尾色素在弱光、酸性和中性、温度小于80℃下稳定,还原剂Na_2SO_3的存在对其影响也较小,但强碱,温度大于80℃及有氧化剂H_2O_2的存在对罗非鱼尾色素稳定性都有一定的影响;常见的食品添加剂和配料中NaCl、乳糖、苯甲酸钠对色素有一定的增色作用,葡萄糖有一定的减色作用,柠檬酸减色十分明显且出现浑浊。从上结果可知,试验得到的罗非鱼鱼尾色素提取工艺简便易行,色素稳定性较好,是一个具有开发潜力的天然色素。Using the tilapia fish tail as raw material,the pigment was extracted by solvent extraction,followed by its stability study in order to develop a natural pigment. Taking the absorbance at the maximum absorption wavelength of tilapia fish tail pigment as the standard,the optimum extraction process was optimized by single-factor experiment and orthogonal experiment. The effects of light,heat,acid and alkali,oxidation-reducing agents and common food additives on the pigment solution obtained by the optimum extraction process were tested for its application in food industry. The optimum extraction technology is as follow ：absolute ethyl alcohol as an extraction solvent,material to liquid ratio 1 ∶ 5,extraction temperature 25℃,extraction time 24 h. The stability experiment of the pigment showed that it is more stable under the condition of weak light,acid or neutral p H,under 80 ℃;Na2SO3 also has little effect of its stability. However,alkali,over 80 ℃,with oxidant such as H2O2,all had bad effects on its stabilities. The common food additives such as Na Cl,lactose and sodium benzoate have certain color enrichment effect to the pigment,while glucose could reduce the color;citric acid＇s hypochromic showed strong effect of decoloring and the pigment became muddy. The conclusion is that that the extraction technology of pigment from Tilapia fishtail is simple and feasible,and the pigment is stability. This natural pigment has potential for further development.

关 键 词：罗非鱼 鱼尾 提取 色素 稳定性 

分 类 号：TS264.4[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程]