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作 者:高美丽[1] 郭艳梅[1] 黄少平[1] 张美凤[1] 张卫秀[1] 李增光 GAO Meili,GUO Yanmei,HUANG Shaoping,ZHANG Meifeng,ZHANG Weixiu,LI Zengguang(Fangshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102400, China)
机构地区:[1]北京市房山区疾病预防控制中心,北京102400
出 处:《预防医学情报杂志》2018年第8期1087-1091,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
摘 要:目的在《北京市控制吸烟条例》(以下简称"条例")实施一周年之际,了解北京市房山区青少年对烟草的使用和认知现状,评价条例实施效果,为今后开展青少年人群控烟工作提供科学依据。方法 2016年通过多阶段整群抽样,抽取房山区35所初中学校在校6 354名初一、初二、初三学生,以匿名自填问卷方式对其进行调查。结果在调查的6 354名青少年中,其尝试吸烟率为13.28%(844/6 354)、现在吸烟率为3.12%(198/6 354);尝试吸烟率男生高于女生,差异有统计学意义(χ2=18.52,P<0.01);不同场所的二手烟暴露现状中,仅不同年级青少年在室外公共场所中的被动吸烟率有差异,差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.19,P<0.05),且呈逐级降低趋势;房山区青少年二手烟危害的正确认知率为91.16%(5 792/6 354),女生高于男生,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.69,P<0.01),不同年级青少年对吸烟危害的认识逐渐降低,差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.32,P<0.01);有68.69%的青少年"尝试过戒烟";至少有56.61%的青少年完全知晓《条例》的禁烟规定及举报电话;有75.46%的青少年在新媒体上看到过吸烟有害健康的宣传。结论《条例》的实施将控烟工作推向高潮,降低了房山区青少年尝试吸烟率,但《条例》的贯彻落实工作仍需进一步深入,不能松懈,青少年控烟工作任重道远。Objective To investigate use and knowledge of smoking in adolescents in Fangshan District of Beijing following implementation of the Rules for Smoking Control in Beijing( hereinafter referred to as " Rules") for one year to evaluate implementation effects of the Rules and provide scientific evidence for smoking control in adolescents in the future. Methods In 2016,an anonymous questionnaire-based survey was conducted in6 354 grade 1,2 and 3 junior middle school students in Fangshan District selected by multistage cluster sampling. Results Among the 6 354 adolescents,the smoking attempt rate was 13. 28%( 844/6 354),and the current smoking rate was 3. 12%( 198/6 354); the smoking attempt rate was higher in male students than in female students,and the difference was statistically significant( χ^2= 18. 52,P〈0. 01). Concerning exposure to secondary smoking in different places,the passive smoking rates in outdoor public places were different in adolescents of different grades; the difference was statistically significant( χ^2= 7. 19,P〈0. 05),and a gradual descending trend was found. The correct knowledge rate of harm of secondary smoking was 91. 16%( 5 792/6354) in adolescents in Fangshan District; the correct knowledge rate was higher in female students than in male students,and the difference was statistically significant( χ^2= 5. 69, P〈0. 05). The knowledge of harm of secondary smoking in adolescents decreased with grade,and the difference was statistically significant( χ^2=9. 32,P〈0. 05). Among the students,68. 69% had tried to abstain from smoking; at least 56. 61% were completely aware of the smoking prohibition regulations in the Rules and the reporting telephone; and 75. 46%have received the propaganda on harm of smoking via new media. Conclusion Implementation of the Rules has facilitated smoking control and lowered the smoking attempt rate in adolescents in Fangshan District. However,implementation of the Rules needs further deepening and cannot be loosened. Th
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