GPSRTK点位测量随机误差二维空间分布模式研究  

A Two-Dimensional Spatial Distribution Model for the Positioning Random Error of GPS RTK

作　　者：邓彩群[1,2,3] 刘兆礼 DENG Caiqun;LIU Zhaoli(Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Geomatics and Prospecting Engineering,Jilin Jianzhu University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130102 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]吉林建筑大学测绘与勘查工程学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（信息科学版）》2018年第7期1056-1062,共7页Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0501201,2016YFC0501204);吉林省教育厅“十二五”科学技术研究项目(吉教科合字[2015]第264号)~~

摘　　要：矢量空间数据的可用性取决于其空间位置不确定性,直接受控于点元位置误差的二维空间概率分布模式。应用GPS RTK技术,对选定测量点的空间位置进行重复观测,累积观测20 d,采用一维、二维正态分布检验与数学模型拟合3种分析方法,研究了GPS RTK测点误差空间概率分布模式。结果表明,GPS RTK测点误差空间分布呈现为具有一定方向的二维正态分布形式,并且这种分布形式的显著性随着点元位置观测时间的缩短而不断提升。所得到的GPS RTK测点误差空间概率分布模式可为其测点误差空间分布影响因素分析与数学预测模型构建奠定基础,并有助于推动矢量空间数据位置不确定性的理论研究。The spatial position uncertainty influences the availability of the vector spatial data,which is directly controlled by the two-dimensional probability distribution model of the point＇s position errors. This paper studies the spatial distribution model of GPS RTK positioning random error,which has repeatedly measured the selected points for 20 days. Then the one-and two-dimensional normal distribution tests and two-dimensional normal distribution fitting are employed to analyze the distribution model. The results show that the GPS RTK positioning random error fits directional two-dimensional normal distribution model and the significance is enhanced constantly along with the observation time shorten. The research results can build foundation for analyzing the influencing factors of the distribution model of positioning random error and establishing the mathematic forecasting model. Besides,contribute to promote the theoretical research of position uncertainty for spatial vector data.

关 键 词：空间位置不确定性 GPS RTK 测点随机误差 误差分布模式 正态分布检验 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程] P207[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]