海洛因依赖患者美沙酮维持治疗前后肝肾功能的追踪研究  

Longitudinal study on liver and kidney function before and after methadone maintenance treatment in heroin addicts

作　　者：郭凤莲[1] 王永龙[1] Guo Fenglian;Wang Yonglong(Department of Psychiatry,Taiyuan Central Hospital,Taiyuan 030009,Chin)

机构地区：[1]太原市中心医院精神科,030009

出　　处：《中国实用医刊》2018年第13期117-119,共3页Chinese Journal of Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的观察海洛因依赖患者美沙酮维持治疗前后肝肾功能的变化情况。方法选择2013年1月至2016年1月太原市中心医院精神科门诊收治的海洛因依赖患者204例作为病例组，在服用美沙酮治疗前进行丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、尿素氮（BUN）检测，并与204例正常对照组的ALT、BUN值进行独立样本t检验。其中90例追踪患者在美沙酮维持治疗后1、2年时分别进行ALT、BUN检测。追踪患者美沙酮维持治疗前及治疗后1、2年ALT、BUN值的比较采用重复测量方差分析。结果美沙酮维持治疗前，病例组ALT、BUN值均大于对照组，但差异未见统计学意义（P〉0.05）。90例追踪患者中，美沙酮维持治疗前及治疗后1、2年的ALT值呈逐年递减趋势，但差异未见统计学意义（P〉0.05）；BUN值在美沙酮维持治疗后1年达最高峰，继续维持治疗后2年较治疗后1年有所下降，但仍高于美沙酮维持治疗前（P〈0.05）。结论海洛因对肝、肾功能均有损害。海洛因对肝脏的损害会随着外界海洛因的停用而降低，但对肾脏的损害不会在停用海洛因后立即消除，会有一定的延迟性和持续性。ObjectiveTo observe the change of liver and kidney function of heroin-dependent patients before and after the methadone maintenance treatment. MethodsA total of 204 heroin-dependent patients admitted in Psychiatry Department of Taiyuan Central Hospital from January 2013 to January 2016 were selected as case group, and were tested for alanine aminotransferase （ALT） and urea nitrogen （BUN） before taking methadone, and the independent sample t test was carried out with the ALT and BUN level in normal control group. After 1 year and 2 years of methadone maintenance treatment, ALT and BUN in 90 heroin-dependent patients were detected again as tracing patients. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare the levels of ALT and BUN of 90 tracing patients at 1 year and 2 years after methadone maintenance treatment.ResultsThe ALT and BUN levels of case group were higher than those of normal control group before the methadone maintenance treatment, but there was no statistical significance in the difference （P〉0.01）. Of the 90 tracing patients, the ALT levels t were decreasing year by year from prior to treatment to 2 years after treatment, but there was no significant difference in ALT level among the three phrases （P〉0.05）. The BUN level reached the highest after 1 year of methadone maintenance treatment. After 2 years of continued maintenance treatment, the BUN level was lower than 1 year after treatment, but it was still higher than that before methadone maintenance treatment （P〈0.05）. ConclusionsHeroin has damage to the function of liver and kidney, and the damage to the liver will decrease with the discontinuation of the external heroin, but the damage to the kidney will not be eliminated immediately after the discontinuation of heroin, there will be a certain delay and persistence.

关 键 词：海洛因 美沙酮 药物依赖 肝功能 肾功能 

分 类 号：R749.64[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]