铅的神经行为学毒性研究进展  

Research progress in neurobehavioral toxicity of lead

作　　者：岳茜岚 霍娇 曹梦思 陈锦瑶[1] 张立实[1] YUE Qian-Lan;HUO Jiao;CAO Meng-Si;CHEN Jin-Yao;ZHANG Li-Shi(West China School of Public Health,Sichuan University,Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610041,China;Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院四川省食品安全监测与风险评估重点实验室,成都610041 [2]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610041

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2018年第14期3567-3572,共6页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(81030053)~~

摘　　要：铅和铅化合物暴露来源广泛,可通过消化道、呼吸道和皮肤接触进入人体,且可危害神经系统、心血管系统、肾脏等多个器官/系统。近年来,铅污染和人群暴露在许多国家得到了较有效的控制,但低水平铅暴露的危害仍然得到了学术界的广泛关注。本文就铅的动物毒理学实验,铅对神经行为功能影响的作用模式,铅暴露(尤其是低水平铅暴露,血铅水平<5μg/d L)与儿童智力发育损害、注意力缺陷多动征、行为过失的关联,铅暴露对成人认知功能和心理状态的影响等证据作一综述,为铅神经毒性的进一步研究及控制铅暴露措施的制定提供科学依据。Lead and lead compounds are exposed from a wide range of sources and can enter the human body through contact with the digestive tract, respiratory tract and skin, and can harm the nervous system, cardiovascular system, kidney and other organs/systems. In recent years, lead pollution and human exposure have been effectively controlled in many countries, but the harm of low-level lead exposure has still been widely concerned by the academic community. This study summarized the toxicological animal experiments of lead, mechanism of neurobehavioral toxicological effect of lead, evidences that lead exposure （especially when blood Pb levels 〈5 μg/dL） were associated with impaired intelligence development, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and problem behavior in children, adverse effects of lead on cognitive abilities and psychiatric outcomes in adults, in order to establish scientific basis for further research on neurotoxicity of lead and policy setting in control measures of lead exposure.

关 键 词：铅 神经行为学毒性 动物实验 人群流行病学 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]