种植密度对不同株型青贮玉米产量及相关性状的影响  

Effect of planting density on yield and related traits of silage maize with different plant types

作　　者：于德花 陈小芳 毕云霞 邵秋玲 Yu De hua;Chen Xiao fang;Bi Yun xia;Shao Qiu ling(Academy of Dongying Agricultural Sciences,Dongying 257091,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]东营市农业科学研究院,山东东营257091

出　　处：《草业科学》2018年第6期1465-1471,共7页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：山东省自主创新专项(2016CYJS05A02-2)

摘　　要：本研究以平展型玉米(Zea mays)雅玉青贮8号、半紧凑型品种京科青贮516和紧凑型品种黎民518为材料,研究4个种植密度对不同株型的青贮玉米产量及相关性状的影响。结果表明,青贮玉米鲜草产量和籽粒产量的最佳适宜密度不同,鲜草产量的适宜密度高于籽粒产量的适宜密度。随群体密度的增加玉米刈割青贮时的绿叶片数、单株鲜重、穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数呈下降趋势;秃尖长、株高、穗位高、空秆率、倒伏(折)率、瘤黑粉病病株率逐渐增加;高密度下千粒重降低;青贮生育期略有延长。供试品种中黎民518最耐密植,京科青贮516边行优势强,最不耐密植。The effects of planting density on silage maize yield and related traits of different plant types were studied using Yayu Silage 8 with horizontal leaves,Jingke silage 516 with semi compact form,and Limin 518 with upright leaves in four planting densities.The results showed that the optimum densities for fresh grass yield and grain yield of silage maize are different,and that the optimum density of the former is higher than that of the latter.With an increasing population density,the number of green leaves,fresh weight per plant,ear length,ear diameter,ear row number,and grain number per ear decreased.Bald length,plant height,ear height,empty bar rate,lodging（fold）rate,and gall and smut incidence rates increased gradually.The thousand-grain weight decreased under high density.Silage growth period was slightly prolonged.Limin 518 can be adapted to high density planting.Jingke silage 516 is the most intolerant to close planting,while there was a strong edge advantage.

关 键 词：适宜密度 青贮玉米 玉米株型 鲜草产量 籽粒产量 农艺性状 青贮生育期 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学] S513.05[农业科学—畜牧学]