文化·融合·多元:新工科建设的三重向度  

Culture,Integration,and Diversity: Three Directions of Emerging Engineering Construction

作　　者：张勇[1,2] ZHANG Yong(Yangming Coflege,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;School of Marxism,Hohai University,Nanjing210098,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学阳明学院,宁波315211 [2]河海大学马克思主义学院,南京210098

出　　处：《重庆高教研究》2018年第4期90-99,共10页Chongqing Higher Education Research

基　　金：浙江省教育科学规划课题"项目制下的工科大学生工程伦理教育机制研究"(2017SCG093);江苏省社会科学基金重大项目"思想政治教育的内容结构与理论基础研究"(14ZD002)

摘　　要：新工科建设具有新工科教育文化、学科交叉融合和多元化培养三重向度。其中,新工科教育文化是新工科建设的目标,学科交叉融合是新工科建设的路径,多元化培养是新工科建设的动力。新工科教育文化是在新工科建设中形成的物质成果和精神成果的总和,是工程教育"新理念"的升华,主要包括器物、制度、行为和精神4个层面的内容,其发展需要从理论、制度和机制上进行顶层设计,并在全社会营造一种良好的社会协商氛围;新工科建设应该是一种宽口径的工程教育,强调学科专业间的交叉与融合,而学科交叉融合的关键在于坚持社会性、系统性和多样性原则,注重学科群的模块化设计;新工科的多元化培养强调培养目标、培养内容、培养方法和培养标准的多元化,其目标的实现得益于学科或专业的谱系化设计,以及政府、高校、企业、专业性社会团体等工程教育责任共同体的协力推进。新工科建设是一项复杂的系统工程,需要用一种"总体性"的视野与方法进行审视,即应从历史性总体、结构性总体和实践性总体3个维度进行"总体性"构架。The construction of emerging engineering includes three dimensions of emerging engineering education culture,interdisciplinary integration and diversified training. The culture of emerging engineering education is the purpose,interdisciplinary integration being the route,and diversified training being the motive. The culture of emerging engineering education is summation of material and spiritual achievements in the construction of emerging engineering. It is the sublimation of the ＂new concept ＂ of engineering education,including 4 levels： utensil,system,behavior and spirit. Its development needs to be set up from the top level in theory,system and mechanism,and to create a good negotiating atmosphere in the whole society. The emerging engineering construction should be a wide range engineering education,emphasizing the interdisciplinary and integration of disciplines,and the key is to insist on the principles of sociality,systematicness and diversity,and to pay attention to the modular design of the subject group; the multidimensional cultivation of the new engineering department emphasizes the diversified training goal,content,methods and standards,and the realization of its objectives benefits from the genealogical design of disciplines or majors,and the cooperation of the government,universities,enterprises,professional social groups and other engineering education responsibility communities. The construction of emerging engineering is a complex systematic project.It needs a vision and method of ＂totality＂to examine it,proceeding from the three dimensions of historical totality,structural totality,and practical totality to carry out an overall framework.

关 键 词：新工科建设 新工科教育文化 学科交叉融合 多元化培养 总体性 

分 类 号：G649.21[文化科学—高等教育学]