“因以其伯”——西周时期族群治理的一种方式  

Yinyi qibo: A Way of the Western Zhou to Managing the Ethnic Groups

作　　者：王坤鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学历史系

出　　处：《古代文明》2018年第3期43-52,共10页The Journal of Ancient Civilizations

基　　金：吉林省教育厅"十三五"社会科学项目"伯与商周政制关系研究"(项目批号:JJKH20170884SK);吉林大学廉政建设专项研究课题"先秦巡视活动研究"(项目批号:2016LZY014)成果

摘　　要：封建隶属政策是西周族群治理的一种重要方式,周王授予诸侯管治封域内土著邦族的权力,即《诗经·大雅·韩奕》所称的"因以其伯"。其管治并非羁縻,而是包括组织城防、分派劳役、划定田亩、征收赋税、贡献土产等具体内容。臣服族群并非奴隶,一般作为附属于诸侯的"附庸"而存在,多依旧保有宗族组织。周人采用周礼作为管控异族的重要手段,考古发现不少西周时期的异族群均采用了周礼。西周封建隶属的族群治理政策奠定了族群融合的基调,相比殷商对异族群体的控制更为开放而深入,一定程度上维系了两周八百余年的统治基业。During the Western Zhou period, the King granted power to the feudal lords to rule the indigenous population in their own manors. In The Book of Songs, this policy is recorded as yinyi qibo( 因以其伯). According to this policy, the feudal lords were empowered to organize city defense, distribute levy responsibilities, divide land, and collect tax and rural products. The populations under the feudal lords' management aren't slaves, but rather dependents with their own kinship organizations. The Zhou rulers employed rites as a way to deal with the indigenous people, which has been proofed by archeological evidences. The above-mentioned policies played crucial roles for the amalgamation of the ancient ethnic groups and the strengthening of the Zhou Dynasty.

关 键 词：西周 族群治理 附庸 

分 类 号：K224[历史地理—历史学]