不同麻醉方法在大鼠脑室置管术中的效果及其对存活率的影响  

Effectiveness of three different anesthetic techniques in intraventricular catheterization and its effect on survival rate of the rats

作　　者：杨亚南 舒晴 陈丽[3] 周焕娇[3] 王雅媛 梁凤霞[3] YANG Yanan;SHU Qing;CHEN Li;ZHOU Huanjiao;WANG Yayuan;LIANG Fengxia(Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China Resources and WuGang General Hospital,Wuhan 430080,China;Department of Rehabilitation,Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430071;Hubei University of Chinese Medicine,Wuhan 430061)

机构地区：[1]华润武钢总医院中医科,武汉430080 [2]武汉大学中南医院康复医学科,武汉430071 [3]湖北中医药大学,武汉430061

出　　处：《中国比较医学杂志》2018年第6期89-95,共7页Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81473787)

摘　　要：目的探讨不同动物实验麻醉药物对脑室置管手术大鼠的麻醉效果及其对存活率的影响。方法30只Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为3组:水合氯醛组、戊巴比妥钠组、异氟烷组,每组10只大鼠。分别采用10%水合氯醛、2%戊巴比妥钠、异氟烷吸入的方法进行麻醉,大鼠进入深度麻醉状态后进行脑室置管手术。观察术前,麻醉后15、30 min,术后1、3、7、14、28 d的血糖及术前、术后1、3、7 d大鼠的体重、24 h进食量。比较三种麻醉方法在麻醉起效时间、麻醉时间、手术时间的差异。观察术后30 d内各组大鼠的存活率。结果异氟烷组麻醉起效时间快于水合氯醛组,水合氯醛组快于戊巴比妥钠组;异氟烷组手术时间及麻醉时间均短于水合氯醛组,水合氯醛组短于戊巴比妥钠组。水合氯醛组大鼠术中血糖大幅上升,术后1 d开始出现进食量、血糖、体重的持续降低,30 d观察期内所有大鼠死亡,主要死亡原因是肠麻痹。戊巴比妥钠组大鼠术中血糖略有上升,术后进食量、血糖出现小幅下降,一周内恢复。有3只大鼠因术中麻醉过量导致呼吸抑制死亡,30 d观察期内有一例出现死亡。异氟烷组大鼠术中血糖小幅度上升,术后进食量,血糖稳定,体重上升,30 d观察期内无一例死亡。结论水合氯醛因其麻醉不良反应不适用于脑室置管手术,戊巴比妥钠在硬件条件有限的情况下,控制好麻醉剂量可以作为脑室置管手术的麻醉方式。异氟烷吸入麻醉推荐应用于脑室置管手术。Objective To investigate the effectiveness of three different anesthetic techniques in intraventricularcatheterization and its effect on the survival rate of rats. Methods Thirty Wistar rats were equally allocated into 3 groups chloral hydrate group,pentobarbital sodium group and isoflurane group. Intraventricular catheterization was performed in therats after anesthesia with i. p. injection of chloral hydrate and pentobarbital sodium, and isoflurane inhalation, respectively.Levels of blood glucose were detected before and at 15 and 30 minutes and 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 days after anesthesia. Body mass and 24-hour food intake were recorded before and at 1, 3, 7 days after anesthesia. The onset time and effective time of anesthesia, operation time and the survival rates on 30 days of the rats were compared and analyzed. Results The onset time and effective time of anesthesia, and the operation time in the isoflurane group were shorter than that in the chloral hydrate group, while these parameters in this group were shorter than that in the pentobarbital sodium group. Blood glucose in the chloral hydrate group was apparently increased during the surgical operation, while the body mass, 24-hour food intake and blood glucose were decreasing since one day after operation, and all the rats in this group died during the 30-dayobservation, mainly, due to enteroplegia. Blood glucose in the pentobarbital sodium group was mildly increased after anesthesia, while the body mass, 24-hour food intake and blood glucose were mildly decreased at one day after operation and recovered within one week. In this group, 3 rats died of respiratory distress due to overdose anesthesia and one rat died during the 30 day-observation. The blood glucose in the isoflurane group was mildly increased after operation, while the 24-hour food intake and blood glucose did not markedly changed, the body mass was stably increased, and no rat died during the 30-day-observation. Conclusions Intraperitoneal injection of chloral hydrate is not suitable for intra

关 键 词：脑室置管 水合氯醛 戊巴比妥钠 异氟烷 

分 类 号：R-33[医药卫生]