弹性波传播到声发射传感器的声压透射系数研究  

A study on sound pressure transmission coefficient of elastic wave propagation to acoustic emission sensors

作　　者：张建超[1,2] 杨绍普[2] 郝如江[2] 顾晓辉[2] ZHANG Jianchao;YANG Shaopu;HAO Rujiang;GU Xiaohui(School of Mechanical,Electronic and Control Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;Institute of Transportation Environment and Safety Engineering,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院,北京100044 [2]石家庄铁道大学交通环境与安全工程研究所,石家庄050043

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2018年第12期153-158,共6页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1534204)

摘　　要：研究固体中弹性波在媒介分界面的透射规律,以提高声发射检测的精度与效率。基于声学理论推导出了三种典型耦合状态的声压透射系数计算公式,明确了各参数对透射系数的影响;搭建了声发射波透射试验研究平台,分别对上述典型状态下的声压透射理论计算系数进行验证;基于建立的声压透射系数计算方法分析了耦合层的声阻抗、厚度值以及耦合层材料的内外位置等对声压透射系数的影响。研究结果表明,理论计算结果与试验检测结果吻合较好,建立的声压透射系数计算公式有助于指导声发射传感器增强对弹性波的拾取。Based on the transmission rule of elastic wave on the medium surface of the decomposition in solid,this paper aimed at improving the acoustic emission detection accuracy and efficiency. Firstly,three typical acoustic pressure transmission coefficient calculation formulas in the coupling state were derived based on theoretical derivation,then the influence on transmitting coefficient from the parameters was obtained; the experimental research platform on acoustic emission wave transmission was established,then the theory of computation on sound pressure transmitting coefficient were tested respectively under the above typical conditions; finally,based on the established calculation method of sound pressure transmitting coefficient,this paper analyzed the influence on the sound pressure transmitting coefficient from the acoustic impedance and the thickness value as well as the position of the coupling layer material. It was shown that the theoretical calculation and the experimental test results matched very well. The established calculation formulas on the sound pressure transmitting coefficient contribute to the guidance of acoustic emission sensors picking up the elastic waves.

关 键 词：声发射 声压透射系数 耦合剂 声阻抗 

分 类 号：TB52[理学—物理]