控制、僭越与毁灭:谈《白鲸》中的社会关系  

Suppression,Arrogation and Catastrophe:on the Social Relations in Moby Dick

作　　者：张陟[1] ZHANG Zhi(Faculty of Foreign Languages,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学外国语学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《宁波大学学报（人文科学版）》2018年第4期118-125,共8页Journal of Ningbo University：Liberal Arts Edition

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"英美航海小说中的自我想象与国家认同研究"(12CWW036)

摘　　要：《白鲸》以亚哈与众船员之间的控制与反控制展开叙述,亚哈利用金钱收买、言辞说服、情感交换、仪式表演等种种手段,重塑了"皮阔德号"上的权力秩序,将一条原本打算出海捕鲸的普通渔船及其船员,变成了完全臣服于个人意志的工具,最终制造了船毁人亡的悲剧。麦尔维尔对"皮阔德号"上社会关系的细致观察与描写,既源自其对捕鲸生活的熟悉与了解,更投射着作家对此时美国社会与政治现实的关切与焦虑。In the novel Moby Dick, Herman Melville intentionally subdued the violence and highlighted the social harmony aboard the Pequod. This article argues that though Ahab in Moby Dick did not use much violence to control his crew, the reason is not because the aged and disabled captain was kind, but because he was too smart to use it. The article elaborates the ways and means by which a resentful but sophisticated Ahab adopted to manipulate the officers and harpooners alike and how he eventually converted a normal whaler into a doomed personal tool. Imaging a tragic failure for his Ship of State in Moby Dick, Herman Melville neither sold the idea of social harmony cheaply nor praised the Republic at face value.

关 键 词：麦尔维尔 《白鲸》 权力 历史语境 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]