冀中南二季作区冷棚三膜覆盖马铃薯高效栽培技术  

High-efficiency Cultivation Techniques of Potatoes with Three-layer Film Coverage in Double Cropping Cultivated Region of Mid-south Hebei Province

作　　者：张淑青[1] 樊建英[1] 张铁石 封志明[1] 李东玉[1] 麻永红[1] 相从超 ZHANG Shuqing;FAN Jianying;ZHANG Tieshi;FENG Zhiming;LI Dongyu;MAYonghong;XIANG Congchao(Institute of Vegetable Crops,Shijiazhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050021,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄市农林科学研究院蔬菜研究所,河北石家庄050021

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2018年第3期148-151,共4页Chinese Potato Journal

基　　金：早熟;优质;特色马铃薯资源与利用(171491172A)

摘　　要：针对冀中南二季作区的气候特点,以高产高效为目的,对马铃薯的种植模式进行了总结。冷棚三膜(大棚+中拱棚+地膜)覆盖模式种植的马铃薯,主要栽培技术要点包括整地增施底肥,选用早熟高产脱毒种薯,种薯处理,扣棚增温争取早播,大垄双行种植以及田间管理关键技术,包括通风、光照、浇水、追肥、培土、病虫害防治、收获技术。1月底至2月初播种,4月底5月初收获,较地膜覆盖马铃薯提早30 d上市,经济效益显著。还可尽早腾出土地,进行两茬作物种植,充分提高土地复种指数,增加经济收入,促进冀中南二季作区的种植业结构调整,为冀中南二季作区马铃薯科学种植提供依据。The cropping pattern of potatoes were summarized for high yield and high efficiency in view of the climatic characteristics in double cropping cultivated region in the middle and south region of Hebei Province. Main cultivation techniques of potato with three layers of film coverage（greenhouse ＋ middle arch shed ＋ film mulching） include soil preparation and application of more base fertilizer, selection of early maturing high-yielding virus-free seed potatoes,treatment of seed potatoes, increase of temperature by early coverage for early planting, double line planting in a large ridge, and field management of key technologies, such as ventilation, light, watering, fertilizing, ridging, pest and disease control, and harvesting. When planted at the end of January to early February and harvested at the end of April to early May, potatoes could be marketed 30 d earlier than traditional film mulched potaotes, and the economic benefit is remarkable. Furthermore, it is also possible to vacate the land as early as possible and planting another crop. Therefore,the land multiple cropping index could be improved, and the economic income be increased, promoting the adjustment of the planting structure in double cropping cultivated region of mid-south Hebei Province, which could provide a basis for scientific planting of potato in the two-cropping system of Hebei Province.

关 键 词：冀中南 二季作区 马铃薯 冷棚三膜覆盖 栽培技术 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]