现代性视域中的历史概念——本雅明的历史观剖析  

On the Concept of History from the Perspective of Modernity

作　　者：王晓升[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学哲学系

出　　处：《学术研究》2018年第6期18-26,39,共10页Academic Research

摘　　要：本雅明在他的《历史哲学论纲》中反对从空洞的形式的角度来理解时间,把时间看做是一种纯粹的流逝,而把时间与人的经验、期待、记忆等联系起来。按照这样的理解,时间就是过去在现在中的显现,在现在中被认知。本雅明基于这样一种时间概念来理解历史,认为历史不能被理解为连续发生的事件或者过程,而是非连续发生的,是过去的期待的实现。历史主义却把历史理解为一个连续的过程,这是统治者所主张的历史观。本雅明自己所主张的历史观是被遗忘者、被压迫者的历史观。这些被遗忘者、被压迫者的愿望在历史上无法得到实现,他们期望后来者能够实现他们的愿望。现代文明是在否定这些被压迫者的基础上建立起来的,我们对于这些被压迫者都负有道德上的债务。历史就是在清偿这些债务中发生的。In his article"On the concept of history",Walter Benjamin rejected the understanding of time from the perspective of empty form,namely to understand time as the pure flow.He put time in the connection with experience,expectation and memory.According this kind of understanding,time is the emergence of past in the present,in the recognition of the present.Based on this kind of the concept of time,Benjamin understood history as a non-continuous events,as Geshen,not as continuous events or process.In his opinion,historism understood history as a continuous process,this historism is proposed by the rulers of the past.The concept of history which was proposed by Benjamin is the concept of the opposed and the forgotten.The hope of the opposed and the forgotten can’t be realized in the past.They hoped that their hope could be realized in the future.Modern civilization was built on the sacrifice of the opposed,we are all in debt to them and are obliged to repay the debt morally.History is happened in this debt repayment.

关 键 词：本雅明 历史观 历史 历史主义 救赎 

分 类 号：B516.59[哲学宗教—外国哲学]