稻秸秆还田与腐熟剂对小麦当季温室气体排放的影响  

Impacts of microbial inoculants for straw decomposing on greenhouse gas emission in wheat season of the wheat-rice rotation system

作　　者：盛海君[1,2] 牛东 张莀茜 孙凯文[1] 朱新开[2,3] SHENG Haijun;NIU Dong;ZHANG Chenxi;SUN Kaiwen;ZHU Xinkai(College of Environment Science and Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127,China;Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of J iangsu Province,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225127 [2]扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室,江苏扬州225009 [3]江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2018年第2期29-34,共6页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200503);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503130);江苏省科研院校农技推广服务试点项目(TG[17]007);江苏省农业三新工程项目[SXGC(2017)222];江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(2014-12)

摘　　要：以冬小麦扬辐麦4号为研究对象,采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法观测稻秸还田(SR)、稻秸还田+腐熟剂(FS)和不还田处理(NR)3种处理下小麦当季温室气体(CO2、CH4和N2O)排放特征,估算不同处理下当季土壤的温室气体排放强度(GHGI)和全球增温潜势(GWP)。结果表明:秸秆还田极显著增加CH4和CO2的排放,极显著地降低N2O的排放;施用秸秆腐熟剂后,极显著增加CH4和CO2的排放,但对N2O排放的影响极小。FS处理GWP和GHGI显著或极显著高于SR和NR处理。这一研究结果提示稻秸秆还田与施用秸秆腐熟剂可改变麦田当季排放的温室气体的组成比例,使得GHGI下降,但单位产量的潜在温室效应显著增加,GWP升高。To understand the influence of microbial inoculants for straw decomposing （MISD） on emission of green- house gases in the rice-wheat rotation system, the study investigated the emission characteristics of greenhouse gases （CO2, CH4 and N20） from soil and greenhouse gas intensity （GHGI） and total global warming potential （GWP） were determined in winter wheat growing season using the static charnber-GC （gas chromatography） method. Three treatments were applied in this study, including rice straw return （SR）, rice straw with MISD return （FS）, no rice straw （NR）. The results showed that straw mulch significantly increased total emissions flux of CO2 and CH4 of FS compared with NR; however the change was mild when compared with SR. N20 total emissions flux of FS was higher than SR, while it＇s similar to NR. The CH4 emissions flux of FS at different stages of wheat was similar to SR, while higher than NR. Besides, the GWP and GHGI under FS treatment were higher than those under the SR and NR respectively, which means it might be the cause to increase the potential greenhouse effect and greenhouse gas intensity per unit of production.

关 键 词：小麦 秸秆还田 腐熟剂 温室气体排放 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]