血缘聚居与宗族管理:永定土楼客家传统宗族社会  

Consanguinity and Clan Management: a Study of Hakka Traditional Clan Society in Storied Building of Yongding

作　　者：张佑周[1] Zhang Youzhou(Longyan University,Longyan,Fujian,364012)

机构地区：[1]龙岩学院,福建龙岩364012

出　　处：《地方文化研究》2017年第5期74-80,共7页Local Culture Research

摘　　要：血缘家族或宗族是中国传统社会中社群组织的基本单元和基本形式之一。由于闽西客家地区崇山峻岭、沟壑纵横,自然村落较小,客家民系形成过程中自然导致血缘聚居宗族社会的形成。永定规模宏大的方圆大土楼就是客家家族或宗族聚居的最好形式。在传统社会里,永定土楼的血缘宗族同时又是最基层的行政管理单位,宗族组织同时行使社会管理职能。永定土楼血缘聚居宗族管理社会模式的形成,既有中国传统社会封建家族伦理制度所形成的观念上的原因,又有与生产力发展水平相适应的物质基础原因。永定土楼客家人血缘家族聚居模式直接导致宗族管理制度的形成,也导致血缘宗族社会的形成,在长期的封建社会里发挥过积极的作用。Kinship family or clan is one of the basic units and basic forms of social organizations in Chinese traditional society. Due to the high mountains and ravines and the natural villages in the Hakka area of Western Fujian, the formation of the clan society is naturally resulted from the formation of Hakka people. The large square earth building in Yongding is the best form of Hakka family or clan settlement. In the traditional society, the blood clan of Storied Building of Yongding is the most basic administrative unit at the same time, and the clan organization exercises the function of social management at the same time. The formation of the social model for the management of the Storied Building of Yongding blood ties and clans, not only has the ideological reasons for the feudal family ethics system in the traditional Chinese society, but also has the material basis to adapt to the development level of the productive forces. The habitation pattern of the consanguinity family of the Hakka people of Storied Building of Yongding directly led to the formation of the patriarchal clan management system, and also led to the formation of blood related clan society and played a positive role in the long feudal society.

关 键 词：血缘聚居 宗族管理 永定土楼 宗族社会 

分 类 号：K892.2[历史地理—民俗学]