一起由GⅡ.17型NoV引起的急性胃肠炎暴发疫情的病原特征分析  

The analyses of pathogen characterization of norovirus GII.17 from an acute gastroenteritis outbreak

作　　者：马江涛[1] 袁芳[1] 陈慧[1] 马学旻[1] 党文 李海军[1] 马旭[1] MA Jiangtao;YUAN Fang;CHEN Hui;MA Xuemin;DANG Wen;LI Haijun;MA Xu(Ningxia Center for Disease Con-trol and Prevention,Yinchuan 750004,China;Public Health School of Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750004,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏疾病预防控制中心,宁夏银川750004 [2]宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《宁夏医学杂志》2018年第7期597-600,共4页Ningxia Medical Journal

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金项目(NZ16211)

摘　　要：目的对2015年宁夏银川某高中一起感染性胃肠炎暴发疫情查明病因,并通过与2016年散发胃肠炎病例中GII型诺如病毒(NoV)进行比较,阐明本次暴发疫情的病原学特征。方法收集2015年银川某高中胃肠炎暴发和2016年全区胃肠炎散发病例粪便标本,Real-time PCR(RT-PCR)检测后,对GII型NoV阳性标本利用RT-PCR方法对聚合酶区和衣壳蛋白区部分基因进行扩增和序列测定,用Gen Bank数据库BLAST工具和NoV分型网站进行病毒型别复核鉴定后,用Mega 5.1软件和Meg Align软件对GII.17型NoV病毒进行系统进化分析和同源性分析。结果 68份暴发病例标本核酸检出阳性16份,测序获得29株(16株源于本次暴发病例,13株源于散发病例)毒株序列。16株暴发病例毒株中,15株为GII.17型NoV,且处于一个独立的小分支,与2013-2015年美国、日本、香港和广东株等国内外暴发流行株具有较高的亲缘关系;13株散发病例毒株中,仅1株为GII.17型NoV,且与2015年病毒株亲缘关系相对较远,其余以GII.4型和GII.3型为主。结论引起2015年急性胃肠炎暴发的病原体是GII.17型NoV,为全球广泛流行的GII.17/2014 Kawasaki新变异株,本次暴发对后期该病毒的流行影响不大。Objective To identify the pathogens of an acute gastroenteritis outbreak in a middle school of Yinchuan in 2015 and compare the virus genetic characterization with sporadic cases in 2016 to reveal pathogen characterization of Norovirus（ NoV） in this outbreak. Methods Fecal samples collected from this outbreak and sporadic cases were tested by real-time PCR for NoV. Partial RNA dependent RNA polymerase（ RdRp） region and capsid region nucleotides of GII NoV positive samples were amplified by RT-PCR using special primers and sequenced. The genotypes were determined using the BLAST program and confirmed using the NoV Genotyping Tool GII. 17 NoV sequences were processed using the Molecular Evolutionary Genetic Analysis version 5. 1（ MEGA5. 1） program and the Meg Align package to analyze virus phylogenetics and homogeneity. Results 16 samples were detected as NoV GII in 68 outbreak samples. A total of 29 strains including 16 outbreak strains and 13 sporadic strains were sequenced. In 16 strains of outbreak cases,15 strains were identified as GII. 17 NoV and located in a independent branch in 16 strains of outbreak cases,the sequences of 15 GII. 17 strains were closely related to the novel strains,which were the most common strains isolated during 2013 to 2015 in several countries and cities（ American,Japanese,Hong Kong and Guangdong）. In 13 strains of sporadic cases in 2016,only one strain were identified as NoV GII. 17 but a little far from outbreak strains. NoV GII. 4 and GII. 3 were the prominent genotype. Conclusion The outbreak happened in 2015 was caused the pandemic norovirus variant of GII. 17 Kawasaki. The outbreak has little effect on the prevalence of NoV happen in late.

关 键 词：急性胃肠炎 诺如病毒 暴发 

分 类 号：R57[医药卫生—消化系统]