喀斯特典型集水区土壤水解酶活性空间异质性及其影响因素  

Spatial heterogeneity of soil hydrolase activities and their influencing factors in a typical Karst catchment of Guizhou Province,China

作　　者：刘烁 王秋兵[1] 史文娇[2,3] 张心昱 LIU Shuo;WANG Qiu-bing;SHI Wen-jiao;ZHANG Xin-yu(College of Land and Environment,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China;Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China）.)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,沈阳110866 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100190

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2018年第8期2615-2623,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41571130043;41571251);中国科学院技术创新项目(201604)资助~~

摘　　要：土壤酶是指示土壤质量的敏感指标,目前土壤酶活性的空间异质性及其影响因素还不清楚.本研究运用地统计学、普通克里格插值、单因素方差分析和相关分析,分析了贵州喀斯特小流域0～10 cm土壤β-1,4-葡糖苷酶(βG)、β-1,4-木糖苷酶(βX)、纤维素二糖水解酶(CBH)、β-1,4-乙酰基-葡糖胺糖苷酶(NAG)、亮氨酸氨基肽酶(LAP)和酸性磷酸酶(AP)活性的空间异质性及其影响因素.结果表明:6种土壤水解酶活性分别具有不同的空间异质性,其中βX、CBH和AP最优理论模型为球状模型,βG和NAG最优理论模型为高斯模型,LAP最优理论模型为指数模型.βG、βX、CBH、NAG和LAP的结构方差比C/(C0+C)分别为99.9%、99.9%、99.9%、76.3%和96.6%,具有强空间自相关性,受地形因素的影响较小.AP的C/(C0+C)为50.0%,具有中等空间自相关性,较易受到随机因素的影响.各水解酶活性的变程均大于采样距离,表明本研究采样方法能够反映土壤酶活性在小集水区尺度的空间变异特征.土地利用类型对NAG和AP影响显著,坡位对AP影响显著.AP与pH呈显著负相关,除NAG外,其他水解酶活性均与pH呈显著正相关.本研究为了解喀斯特典型集水区土壤水解酶的空间分布机理提供了依据.Soil enzyme activities are sensitive indicators of soil quality. However, their spatial heterogeneity and the influencing factors are not well known. In this study, geostatistics,Kriging method,one-way ANOVA and correlation analyses were used to examine the spatial variability and influencing factors of activities of six soil hydrolases ： β-1,4-glucosidase（βG）,β-1,4-xylosidase（βX）,cellobiohydrolase（CBH）,β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase（NAG）,leucine amino peptidase（LAP）, and acid phosphatase（AP） in 0-10 cm soil layers in a karst catchment in Guizhou Province,China. The results showed that the activities of those soil hydrolase had different spatial heterogeneity. The optimal models were the spherical models for βX, CBH and AP,the Gaussian model for（3 G and NAG,and the exponential model for LAP, respectively. The spatial structure ratios C/（C_0C） of βG, βX, CBH, NAG and LAP activities were 99.9%, 99.9%, 99.9%, 76.3% and96.6%,respectively,implying strong spatial autocorrelation and weak influence from topographic factors. The spatial structure ratio of AP activity was 50.0% suggesting moderate spatial autocorrelation and vulnerable to the influences of random factors. The variation ranges of the hydrolase activities were greater than the sampling distance, indicating that the sampling methods could mirror spatial variability of the soil enzyme activities at a small watershed scale. Land use type significantly affected the activities of NAG and AP.Slope position significantly affected AP activity. The activity of AP was negatively correlated with soil pH, while the activities of other enzymes except NAG were positively correlated with soil pH. Our results provided useful information on the spatial distribution mechanism of soil hydrolase.

关 键 词：喀斯特 土壤水解酶活性 空间异质性 土地利用类型 地形 地统计 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学]