选择性高科技产业政策能被精准执行吗——基于“高新技术企业”认定的证据  

Can Selective High-tech Industry Policies be Implemented Accurately?——Evidence based on the Identification of “High-tech Enterprises”

作　　者：孙刚 Sun Gang

机构地区：[1]浙江财经大学东方学院 [2]浙江财经大学会计与经济发展研究院

出　　处：《经济学家》2018年第8期75-85,共11页Economist

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“普惠性创新驱动下‘科技认定’政策的微观经济后果及其精准创新治理机制研究”(17YJC630129);浙江省自然科学基金一般项目“高科技资质认定行为的资源配置机制及其创新治理:浙江企业的经验研究”(LY17G020016);杭州市软科学研究重点项目“杭州创新投入(R&D)的分布地图与优化配置:基于政府‘科技认定’行为的资源配置与创新治理视角”(20160834M14)

摘　　要：对产业政策争议的关键不在于其“去留存废”，而在于产业政策能否精准执行。选取高科技产业政策的执行视角，将“高新技术企业”资质认定视为精准执行产业政策的重要机制，研究发现取得“高新技术企业”资质认定后，企业发明专利申请量以及未来四年内获得正式授权发明专利量均显著增加；在高科技产业政策精准执行的三个实现渠道中，除了税收渠道外，取得“高新技术企业”资质认定将显著促进政府补贴和债务融资两个创新支持渠道在激励企业创新绩效方面的实际效果。总体上，高科技产业政蓑的精准执行优化了社会创新资源配置，有效地改善了企业实质性创新绩效，其创新“帮助之手”效应占优于“政治资源诅咒”效应。The key of dispute over industrial policy is not ＂whether to stay or abort＂, but whether the industrial policy can be accurately implemented. Selecting the implementation perspective of high-tech industrial policy, the qualification of ＂hightech enterprise＂ is regarded as an important mechanism for accurately implementing industrial policies. Research shows that afterobtaining the qualification of ＂high-tech enterprise＂, the number of applications for invention patents and the number of officially authorized invention patents in the next four years will increase significantly.Among the three implementation channels of high-tech industrial policy implementation, in addition to tax channels, obtaining the ＂high-tech enterprise＂ qualification certification will significantly promote the actual effect of two support channels including government subsidies and debt financing on motivating corporate innovation performance. In general, the precise implementation of high-tech industrial policies optimizes the allocation of social innovation resources, effectively improves the substantive innovation performance of enterprises, and its innovative ＂helping hand＂ effect is superior to the ＂political resource curse＂ effect.

关 键 词：选择性产业政策 精准支持 普惠性创新 高新技术企业 

分 类 号：F275.1[经济管理—企业管理]