纳米银对聚磷菌吸磷和释磷的影响及毒性效应  

Effect of silver nanoparticles on phosphorus uptake and release of polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria and toxic effect

作　　者：苑志华[1,2] 林晓锋[1,2] 周婷婷 陈文祥[4] 张磊峰 郑煜铭 YUAN Zhi-hua;LIN Xiao-feng;ZHOU Ting-ting;CHEN Wen-xiang;ZHANG Lei-feng;ZHENG Yu-ming(Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen 361021,China;Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen 361021,China;School of Earth and Environment,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China;College of Food and Biological Engineering,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市污染物转化重点实验室,福建厦门361021 [2]中国科学院城市环境研究所,福建厦门361021 [3]安徽理工大学地球与环境学院,安徽淮南232001 [4]集美大学食品与生物工程学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2018年第8期2990-2996,共7页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21407142);厦门市科技计划项目(2017S0065);福建省科技计划项目(2016H0042)

摘　　要：利用硼氢化钠还原硝酸银,并使用聚乙烯醇(PVA)作为分散剂,制备出分散良好、粒径为(14±3)nm的纳米银颗粒,考察了其对聚磷菌(Microlunatus phosphovorus)好氧吸磷和厌氧释磷的影响,以及产生的毒性效应.结果表明,在好氧状态下,7mg/L的纳米银能够完全抑制聚磷菌的生长(P<0.01),达到10mg/L时才能完全抑制聚磷菌的吸磷能力(P=0.01);在厌氧状态下,大于20mg/L的纳米银才使聚磷菌释磷能力受到部分抑制(P<0.05).活性氧簇(ROS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)的检测结果表明,纳米银使细菌体内ROS水平降低,部分细菌菌体表面塌陷,这说明,纳米银不但可以毒害聚磷菌菌体表面,还可以降低菌内ROS水平.Silver nanoparticles（Ag NPs） were obtained from the reduction of silver nitrate by sodium borohydride in the stabilizing agent of polyvinyl alcohol（PVA）. The as-prepared Ag NPs demonstrated an excellent property of dispersibility, with the nanoparticle size of（14±3） nm. The Ag NPs were used to investigate the effect of silver nanoparticles on phosphorus uptake and release of phosphorus-accumulating bacteria（PAB） and toxic effect. The results showed that 7 mg/L of Ag NPs totally inhibited the growth of PAB（P〈0.01）, and 10 mg/L of Ag NPs completely suppressed the phosphorus uptake ability of PAB under aerobic condition（P=0.01）. Under the anaerobic condition, Ag NPs with concentration higher than 20 mg/L only partly inhibited the phosphorus release of PAB（P〈0.05）. The results indicated that Ag NPs decreased the ROS level of PAB, and made the partial collapse of bacteria surface structure by the SEM. These revealed that Ag NPs can decrease the ROS of bacteria besides the direct effect on the bacteria surface membrane structure, which both might be the important reasons for Ag NPs toxicity on PAB.

关 键 词：纳米银 聚磷菌 好氧吸磷 厌氧释磷 毒性效应 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]