西北太平洋公海2种灯光渔业渔获物组成的比较  

Comparison of two catches of light-fishing in the Northwest Pacific

作　　者：董秀强 李灵智[2,3] 黄洪亮[3] 唐峰华[2] DONG Xiu-qiang;LI Ling-zhi;HUANG Hong-liang;TANG Feng-hua(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306;Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation,Ministry of Agriculture,East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China;Engineering Technology Research Center oo Marine Fishing,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China.)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,上海200090 [3]中国水产科学研究院海洋捕捞工程技术研究中心,上海200090

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2018年第4期481-488,共8页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所基本科研业务费专项(2016Z01-04)

摘　　要：根据2016年8-11月西北太平洋公海灯光敷网和灯光围网的生产数据,对2种作业方式的渔获物及其组成进行了比较分析,结果表明:2种作业方式的渔获物种类丰富度指数较低,分别为0.30和0.22;2种作业方式均具有较好的种类选择性,其目标种类日本鲭(Scomber japonicus)优势度指数分别为0.53和0.84;灯光敷网渔获中日本鲭幼鱼尾数比例远高于灯光围网,而平均单网次渔获总尾数则远低于灯光围网;差异显著性分析表明灯光围网单位网次渔获总量和单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE)均显著高于灯光敷网(P<0.05)。基于上述2种网具资源利用特征,为降低渔获幼鱼比例及数量,建议:在网囊增加逃逸窗口;采用方目网囊代替菱目网囊;增加装配网囊的力纲。有关2种网具的集鱼灯总功率与网具主尺度相匹配的研究需进一步探讨。Based on the survey data collected from light lift net and light purse seine in the Northwest Pacific from August to November in 2016,the characteristics of fishery resource utilization of two fishing methods were compared. The results showed that light lift net catched a total of 18 species and the species richness index was 0. 30,the dominant species were Scomber japonicus,Ommastrephe sbartrami and Sardinops sagax,and dominance index were 0. 53,0. 07 and 0. 26; light purse seine catched a total of 15 species and the species richness index was 0. 22,the dominant species were Scomber japonicus,Ommastrephes bartrami and Cololabis saira,and dominance index were 0. 84,0. 03 and 0. 01. Therefore,the species selectivity of the two fishing methods was good; Scomber japonicus fork length range of light lift net was 10. 4-39. 8 cm,the dominant length group was 17. 0-19. 0 cm and 27. 0-29. 0 cm,accounted for 19. 9% and 18. 9%. The proportion of small fish（ fork length less than 25 cm） was 39. 3%. Light purse seine Scomber japonicus fork length range was 14. 1-42. 2 cm,the dominant length group was 27. 0-30. 0 cm,accounted for 19. 9%.The proportion of smaller fish（ fork length less than 25 cm） was 21. 24%. The proportion of small fish in light lift net was significantly higher than that of light purse seine,but the total number of small fish per net was the opposite. Light lift net Ommastrephes bartrami mantle length range was 3. 0-32. 8 cm,the dominant length group was 21. 0-27. 0 cm,accounted for 76. 8%. The proportion of small fish（ mantle length less than 25 cm） was 63. 26%. Light purse seine Ommastrephes bartrami mantle length range was 3. 5-43. 2 cm,the dominant length group was 25. 0-32. 0 cm,accounted for 19. 9%. The proportion of small fish was 23. 6%;light lift net showed a higher proportion of small fish,but the average catches weight of small fish in each haul was similar. From August to November,the monthly average Catch Per Unit Effort（ CPUE） distribution range of light lift net was（ 0. 8-2.

关 键 词：日本鲭 海洋环境 GAM模型 西北太平洋公海 

分 类 号：S971.4[农业科学—捕捞与储运]