三种非活性微生物对铀的吸附行为及其受γ辐照的动力学影响  

Biosorption of U(Ⅵ) on Three Kinds of Inactivated Microorganisms and Its Effect by γ-Ray Irradiation

作　　者：张伟[1,2] 董发勤 杨杰[3] 聂小琴[4] 王岩[5] 霍婷婷[5] 周琳[3] ZHANG Wei;DONG Fa qin;YANG Jie;NIE Xiao qin;WANG Yan;HUO Ting ting;ZHOU Lins(Research Center of Laser Fusion,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621900,China;Analytical and Testing Center,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China;Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle,Ministry of Education,Mianyang 621010,China;School of National Defense Science and Technology,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China;School of Environment and Resotlrce,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心,四川绵阳621900 [2]西南科技大学分析测试中心,四川绵阳621010 [3]固体废物处理与资源化教育部重点实验室,四川绵阳621010 [4]西南科技大学国防科技学院,四川绵阳621010 [5]西南科技大学环境与资源学院,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《核化学与放射化学》2018年第4期258-266,共9页Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemistry

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2014CB846003)

摘　　要：以非活性酿酒酵母菌、耐辐射奇球菌、大肠杆菌为研究对象,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)、红外光谱(FTIR)等测试手段,研究溶液初始pH值、U(Ⅵ)初始浓度等因素对三种非活性微生物吸附U(Ⅵ)的影响,并探讨了不同强度γ辐照下三种非活性微生物对U(Ⅵ)的吸附动力学过程。结果显示:三种非活性微生物均能有效去除水体中的U(Ⅵ),并且是一个快速反应过程。溶液pH=5.0时吸附效果最佳。同等实验条件下,三种非活性微生物吸附U(Ⅵ)达到吸附平衡的顺序为酿酒酵母菌>耐辐射奇球菌>大肠杆菌。三种非活性微生物细胞通过细胞表面的羟基、氨基、羧基、羰基及磷酸基团的配位作用来吸附铀。γ射线辐照后,三种非活性微生物对U(Ⅵ)的吸附率明显低于未受辐照时的吸附率,原因可能是辐照因素改变了菌体表面的活性位点。实验用非活性微生物与U(Ⅵ)作用的激烈程度是细菌>真菌。Biosorption of U（VI） by inactivated Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Deinococcus radio durans and Eschericia coli were investigated in a batch system. The influences of initial solu tion pH and uranium concentration on uranium biosorption were studied. Kinetics behaviors of U（Ⅵ） adsorption on three microorganisms were researched under the condition of γ ray irradiation. The study confirm that three kinds of inactivated microorganisms can effectively remove uranium from aqueous solution. Optimum biosorption is observed at pH 5.0. The time sequence for the establishment of uranium biosorption equilibrium is Saccharomyces cer evisiae, Deinococcus radiodurans and Eschericia coll. Cell surfaces still have abundant active groups after inactivation. Hydroxyl, amino, carboxyl, carbonyl and phosphate groups are the main functional groups which can react with uranium. The uranium removal efficiencies on three kinds of inactivated microorganisms under γ ray irradiation are significantly lower than those of unirradiation. The reason may be that the irradiation factors change the active sites on the surface of bacteria. The intensity of the interaction between U（Ⅵ） and microorganisms is bacteria〉fungus.

关 键 词：酿酒酵母菌 耐辐射奇球菌 大肠杆菌 U(Ⅵ) Γ辐照 吸附 

分 类 号：TL941.1[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]