水性聚氨酯机械发泡涂层的响应面法优化制备  

Preparation of waterborne polyurethane coating by mechanical foaming based on response surface methodology

作　　者：赵宝宝[1] 钱晓明[1] 钱幺 范金土 封严[1] 朵永超[1] ZHAO Baobao;QIAN Xiaoming;QIAN Yao;FAN Jintu;FENG Yan;DUO Yongchao(School of Textiles,Tianjin Polytechnic University,Tianjin 300387,China;College of Human Ecology,Cornell University,New York 14850,USA)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学纺织学院,天津300387 [2]康奈尔大学人类生态学院,纽约14850

出　　处：《纺织学报》2018年第7期95-99,共5页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2014BAE09B00);国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1607117);天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划重点项目(16JCZDJC36400)

摘　　要：为制备高透湿率和高强度的水性聚氨酯发泡涂层,采用响应面分析法对机械发泡工艺中成膜温度、发泡剂质量分数和发泡倍率3个参数进行优化。结果表明,回归得到的二次多项式模型显著且失拟项不显著,模型拟合性良好。各因素对透湿率影响顺序为:成膜温度>发泡倍率>发泡剂质量分数;对断裂强度影响顺序为:发泡倍率>成膜温度>发泡剂质量分数。以透湿率和断裂强度最大为原则,得到最优制备工艺条件:成膜温度为120℃,发泡剂质量分数为5.56%,发泡倍率为319.17%;在此条件下制备的水性聚氨酯涂层的实际透湿率为6 088.71 g/(m^2·24 h),断裂强度为1.51 MPa,与模型理论预测值基本相符,表明优化模型有效可靠;以此作为超细纤维合成革的发泡层制备水性超细纤维合成革,其透湿率达到2 070.24 g/(m^2·24 h),纵向、横向断裂强力分别为161.50、112.38 N。In order to prepare waterborne polyurethane coating with high water vapor transmission rate and tensile strength by mechanical foaming, the factors of coating-forming temperature, foaming agent concentration and foaming ratio in mechanical foaming were optimized by the response surface methodology.The results show that the regression of the quadratic polynomial model is significant while the lack of fit is not significant,demonstrating the good fitness of the model. The order of their effects on water vapor transmission rate is coating-forming temperature,foaming ratio and foaming agent concentration in sequence,while the order of their effects on tensile strength is foaming ratio,coating-forming temperature,and foaming agent concentration in sequence. Based on the maximum value of water vapor transmission rate and the tensile strength the optimum conditions are coating-forming temperature of 120 ℃,foaming agent concentration of 5. 56% and foaming ratio of 319. 17%. Under these conditions,the experimental yields of water vapor transmission rate is 6 088. 71 g/（ m^2·24 h） and the tensile strength is 1. 51 MPa,which are substantially consistent with the predicted values. Thus,the regression equation is valid and reliable. By taking the waterborne polyurethane coating as the foam layer of microfiber synthetic leather,the water vapor transmission rate is 2 070. 24 g/（ m^2·24 h） and the perpendicular and lateral tensile forces of the obtained microfiber synthetic leather are 161. 50/112. 38 N.

关 键 词：水性聚氨酯 发泡层 超细纤维合成革 机械发泡 响应面法 透湿率 

分 类 号：TS328.3[轻工技术与工程]