近代中国学术分科背景下“史地合一”现象原因论析——以史地期刊为中心  

An Analysis on the Combination of History and Geography in Modern China's Academic Division:Centered on Historical and Geographic Journals

作　　者：姚正平 YAO Zhengping(School of Marxism, Nantong University, Nantong 226019)

机构地区：[1]南通大学马克思主义学院,江苏南通226019

出　　处：《江汉学术》2018年第4期104-111,共8页JIANGHAN ACADEMIC

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"近代中国学术转型中史学与地理学关系的发展与互动研究"(17YJC770039)

摘　　要：晚清以降,受西方学术分科的影响,传统学术范畴中长期附属于史学的地理走向独立。史学和地学应该分开,已成为时人的共识。然而,在此背景下,民国时期在科系、学会和杂志上出现了诸多"史地合一"的现象。学术期刊中"史地合一"的原因,缘于民国政府在学制上对师范类院校"史地合一"的规定,而这种设置又借鉴了近代日本的学制。"史地合一"的现象,还与中国传统学术范畴中对史地关系的认知的影响有着直接关系。一些现实因素如史地教育的效果不理想亦是学术期刊中"史地合一"出现的原因。即使如此,在1920年代末至1930年代初,近代意义的历史学学科地位已然确立。1930—1940年代的科系、学会、学术期刊中"史地合一"现象的卷土重来,是为一些特殊原因所致。这与近代史学的学科化的确是相悖的,但并不代表史学作为一门独立的学科于此时还未初建起来。Due to the influence of Western academic division since the late Qing Dynasty,geography,which had long been attached to history in traditional academic category,started to separate and became independent. It was a consensus of the time that history and geography should be separate. However,many departments,societies,and journals still bound the two together. The reason the academic journals combined the two was that the government required teachers＇ colleges to set up departments of history and geography,following the model of the modern Japanese educational system. The phenomenon was also directly related to the traditional understanding of the relationship between history and geography in the old academic category. In addition,Some realistic factors such as the unsatisfactory historical and geographical education were also the cause. Even so,history as a modern independent discipline was established in the late 1920 s and early1930 s. Although for some special reasons in the 1930 s and the 1940 s many departments,societies,and journals had history and geography together once again,the position of history as an independent discipline remained unshaken.

关 键 词：史地合一 史地期刊 史学 地学 教育法令 学术分科 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学] G529[文化科学—教育学]