张载礼乐观论析  

Analysis of Zhang Zai's View on Rites and Music

作　　者：陈政扬 CHEN Zheng-yang(Graduate Institute of Chinese Classics, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung 80201, Taiwa)

机构地区：[1]台湾高雄师范大学经学研究所,台湾高雄80201

出　　处：《唐都学刊》2018年第4期33-42,共10页Tangdu Journal

摘　　要：身为"北宋理学五子"之一,张载不仅为关学奠立了思想规模,更以知礼闻名于世。然而,当代对张载思想的研究,多着重在其气论,而少言其礼乐观。即便有学者着眼于张载礼学,但所论多仅及于"礼",而多未论及"乐"。如此一来,则难以全面呈现张载礼乐观与天道观间的思想联系。实则,张载先将礼乐推本于"天",藉由"气"概念所含蕴的一体性,连系天人,由此替礼乐之治找到普遍恒常的立法基础。他重视古代圣贤制礼作乐的建制精神,而非形式规范。并依此主张,礼乐当为众人共悦之志所贞定,主政者必须因革损益礼乐之制以合乎时宜。儒者不仅当对主政者提出谏言,更应通过礼乐教化,唤醒世人本具的道德意识,在人伦日用中依礼乐成身,进而实现富而好礼的人文世界。As one of the five philosophers in Northern Song Dynasty,Zhang Zai laid a solid foundation for the thoughts of Guan School and became well-known for his politeness and literacy. However,as for the research on Zhang Zai＇s thought,much emphasis has been laid on his theory of Qi instead of his view on rites and music. Even though some scholars give much priority to his theory of rituals,yet,much stress is put on his rites whereas his music is seldom mentioned. As a result,it is really hard to have a full understanding of the connections between the thoughts of Zhai Zai＇s view on rites and music as well as his concept of Heaven. In fact,Zhang Zai believed that rites and music originated from Heaven,and that Heaven was connected with People through Qi as a whole,hence,the universal legal basis of ruling the world by rites and music was found.Zhang Zai attached great importance to the establishment of a whole set of ruling systems by rites and music instead of formal norms. Accordingly,rites and music was firmly regarded as recreation and amusement for everybody,the governors should make reforms in the system of rites and music to make it socially accepted. Not only should Confucians propose their admonitions,but also they should waken people＇s moral awareness by means of education through rites and music for self-cultivation and self-perfection in their everyday life so as to realize a prosperous and civilized world of humanities.

关 键 词：张载 礼 乐 气 礼乐教化 

分 类 号：B244.4[哲学宗教—中国哲学]