罗氏海盘车性腺脂质的微波提取及其成分分析  

Microwave-assisted extraction of Asterias rollestoni gonad lipids and its component analysis

作　　者：楼乔明[1] 徐华 王云鹏 张进杰[1] 杨文鸽[1] 徐大伦[1] Lou Qiaoming;Xu Hua;Wang Yunpeng;Zhang Jinjie;Yang Wenge;Xu Dalun(School of Marine Science,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,宁波315211

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2018年第11期300-306,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31201283);国家星火计划项目(2014GA701010);"水产"浙江省重中之重学科开放基金项目(xkzsc1531)

摘　　要：为优化罗氏海盘车性腺脂质的微波提取工艺并分析其脂质成分和脂肪酸组成,该研究采用微波辅助提取技术对罗氏海盘车性腺脂质的提取工艺进行优化,同时通过核磁共振和气相色谱-质谱分别对其脂质成分和脂肪酸组成进行分析。试验结果表明,罗氏海盘车性腺脂质的最佳提取工艺条件:以乙酸乙酯为提取溶剂、液料比7 mL/g、提取时间12 min、提取温度60℃,在此优化条件下,罗氏海盘车性腺脂质的提取率为33.82%。罗氏海盘车性腺脂质的主要成分为甘油三酯和磷脂,胆固醇和游离脂肪酸含量较低;脂肪酸以C14:0、C16:0、C18:1n-7、C20:1n-11、C20:5n-3(eicosapentaenoic acid,EPA)和C22:6n-3(docosahexaenoic acid,DHA)为主,C20:5n-3和C22:6n-3总质量分数为21.56%,且n-3型与n-6型多不饱和脂肪酸的比值高达8.72;同时罗氏海盘车性腺脂质的脂肪酸致动脉粥样硬化指数(atherogenic index,AI)和血栓形成指数(thrombogenic index,TI)分别为0.81和0.29,表明罗氏海盘车性腺脂质能有效预防动脉粥样硬化和血栓形成,具有很高营养价值和脂质开发潜力,可作为C20:5n-3和C22:6n-3等功能性脂肪酸的重要膳食来源。该研究为罗氏海盘车性腺脂质的微波提取、成分分析和综合开发利用提供了一定的理论依据。Asterias rollestoni is the starfish belonging to the phylum Echinodermata, class Asteroidea. Asterias rollestoni is widely distributed in Chinese waters. The resource of Asterias rollestoni is abundant, and the amount is up to hundreds of thousands of tons every year. Moreover, Asterias rollestoni is rich source of valuable bioactive components, such as lipids, proteins, asterosaponin and polysaccharides. Therefore, Asterias rollestoni has high nutritional values and development potentials as raw materials for marine drugs and functional foods. Extensive investigations of Asterias rollestoni on chemistry and pharmacology have been published in ample literatures at present, but no literature has been reported on Asterias rollestoni gonad lipids, especially on lipid extraction and component analysis. In order to optimize the lipid extraction technology and analyze the lipid and fatty acid compositions of Asterias rollestoni gonads, the extraction process of Asterias rollestoni gonad lipids was performed by microwave-assisted extraction, and the lipid and fatty acid compositions were also studied by nuclear magnetic resonance（NMR） and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS） respectively in this paper. Taking extraction rate as an index, the effects of extraction solvent, liquid-solid ratio, extraction time and extraction temperature were studied through the single-factor experiment and the orthogonal experimental design. The experimental results indicated that the optimal extraction process of Asterias rollestoni gonad lipids was as follows： ethyl acetate as solvent, liquid-solid ratio of 7 mL/g, extracting time of 10 min, and extracting temperature of 60 ℃. On the optimized conditions, the extraction yield was up to 33.82%, showing that microwave-assisted extraction method had the advantages of high efficiency and low energy consumption, and had a great application prospect for lipid extraction of Asterias rollestoni gonads. The predominant components of Asterias rollestoni gonad lipids were triglyc

关 键 词：脂质 微波 脂肪酸 罗氏海盘车 性腺 提取 

分 类 号：TS254.1[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]