创业环境动态性、创业学习与创业机会识别关系研究  

Environmental Dynamics,Entrepreneurial Learning,and Entrepreneurial Opportunity Recognition:an Agent-based Simulation Approach

作　　者：严杰[1] 刘人境[1] Yan Jie;Liu Renjing(School of Management,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学管理学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《科技进步与对策》2018年第13期1-7,共7页Science & Technology Progress and Policy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(15XGL001)

摘　　要：通过引入创业环境动态变化频率和变化幅度,以及实用主义、顺从主义、贯融主义3种创业认知学习方式,扩展了现有创业机会识别仿真模型,研究了创业环境动态性、创业学习与创业机会识别之间的作用机制。仿真结果表明:在发现观视角下,实用主义是一种高效但不稳定的学习方式;顺从主义是一种效率一般但较为稳定的学习方式;贯融主义是一种低效的学习方式。为了提高创业机会识别能力,创业者需要根据环境类型选择不同学习策略。在变化慢、变化小的环境中,创业者的最佳学习策略是采用实用主义并保持较快的个体学习速率;在变化慢、变化大和变化快、变化小的环境中,创业者的最佳学习策略是采用实用主义并保持较慢的个体学习速率;在变化快、变化大的环境中,创业者的最佳学习策略是采用顺从主义并保持较快的个体学习速率。By introducing frequency and amplitude of environmental dynamism,as well as three types of entrepreneurial cognitive learning：pragmatism,coherentism,and conformism,he earlier agent-based simulation model of entrepreneurial opportunity recognition was extended for studying the impact of environmental dynamics and entrepreneurial learning on entrepreneurial opportunity recognition.Results of simulation experiments suggest that pragmatism is a kind of efficient but unstable learning mode;conformism is a kind of low efficient but stable learning mode;coherentism is a kind of inefficient mode.When the frequency of environmental dynamism is low and the amplitude of environmental dynamism is small,the optimal learning strategy is adapting pragmatism mode and maintaining high interpersonal learning rate;when the frequency of environmental dynamism is low and the amplitude of environmental dynamism is large,and the frequency of environmental dynamism is high and the amplitude of environmental dynamism is small,the optimal learning strategy is adapting pragmatism mode and maintaining low interpersonal learning rate;when the frequency of environmental dynamism is high and the amplitude of environmental dynamism is large,the optimal learning strategy is adapting conformism mode and maintaining high interpersonal learning rate.

关 键 词：创业机会识别 创业环境动态性 创业学习 Agent-based仿真 

分 类 号：F272.2[经济管理—企业管理]