预破碎沙棘脱果机的设计与试验  

Design and experiment on pre-crushing hippophae fruit removal machine

作　　者：马骋 胡靖明 毕阳[2] 李霁昕[2] 盛文军[2] MA Cheng;HU Jing-ming;BI Yang;LI Ji-xin;SHENG Wen-jun(College of Mechanical ＆ Electrical Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Food Science and Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学机电工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学食品科学与工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2018年第3期166-172,共7页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：国家国际科技合作专项项目(2014DFR31230)

摘　　要：【目的】针对中国沙棘枝果速冻后结块,阻塞脱果机和脱果效率低的问题,设计了预破碎沙棘脱果机.【方法】利用三维软件Solidworks和二维软件CAD设计整机结构及主要部件,对主要部件进行理论受力分析;采用正交试验设计,对影响脱果机脱果效率与破损率的因素进行分析,确定最优参数组合,并进行工厂试验验证.【结果】脱果中滚筒筛的转速对脱果率与破损率影响极为显著;打散装置转速与敲击装置转速对脱果率与破损率影响不大.各因素对脱果率与破损率的影响程度依次为:滚筒筛转速>敲击装置转速>打散装置转速.【结论】预破碎沙棘脱果机的最佳工作参数为:打散装置转速为36r/min、滚筒筛转速为239r/min、敲击轴转速为500r/min.脱果率与破损率分别可达到95%和7%.【Objective】A pre-crushing hipppohae fruit removal machine was designed to solve the problem that the quick frozen hipppohae fruit branches block the threshing machine and results in low efficiency.【Method】Computer software（Solidworks and CAD）was used to design the overallstructure and the main working components,and analyze the theoretic force-loading of main components;the factors affecting fruit removal rate and breakage rate were determined by orthogonal design,and the field experiment was carried out to test the machine.【Result】The speed of the drum screen for fruit removal significantly affected the fruit removal rate and breakage rate.The rotating speed of the breaking device and the speed of the percussion device did not significantly affect the fruit removal rate and the breakage rate.The influence order of factors on the performance of fruit removal rate and breakage rate was drum screen speedpercussion devicepercussion device.【Conclusion】The optimal operating parameters were as follows：36 r/min of scattering device speed,239 r/min of roller screen speed and 500 r/min of knocking device speed.The working performance of the machine was stable,the fruit collection rate and breakage rate were 95%and 7%.

关 键 词：沙棘 脱果机 设计 田间试验 

分 类 号：S226.9[农业科学—农业机械化工程]