添加不同比例的全株青贮玉米对马铃薯茎叶青贮品质的影响  

Effects of different proportion of whole plant silage maize on silage quality of potato stem and leaf

作　　者：封晔[1] 陈思[1] 张放[1] FENG Ye;CHEN Si;ZHANG Fang(Guizhou Guiyang Vocational and Technical College,Guiyang,Guizhou Province 550000,Chin)

机构地区：[1]贵州省贵阳职业技术学院,贵州贵阳550000

出　　处：《中国饲料》2018年第12期74-78,共5页China Feed

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究添加不同比例的全株玉米与马铃薯茎叶混合青贮对其青贮品质的影响。以正常收获前10 d左右刈割的马铃薯茎叶作为原料,在青贮过程中分别添加40%、60%和80%的全株玉米,青贮发酵结束后分析其感官品质和营养价值。试验结果表明,马铃薯茎叶青贮过程中添加全株玉米可显著改善青贮的感官品质,提高其营养价值,增加粗蛋白质、可溶性糖和乳酸含量,降低中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的含量(P<0.05),其中以60%的全株玉米添加比例效果最佳。马铃薯茎叶青贮过程中添加全株玉米提高了青贮品质,显著降低了青贮马铃薯茎叶的乙酸、丁酸含量(P<0.05)。此外,添加全株玉米显著降低了青贮马铃薯茎叶的龙葵素含量(P<0.05),改善适口性。因此,马铃薯茎叶青贮时,将马铃薯茎叶和全株玉米按照4:6的比例进行混合青贮可以提高青贮马铃薯茎叶的感官品质和营养价值。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of adding different proportion of whole plant corn on silage quality of potato stem and leaf. About 10 d before the normal harvest of potato,the stems and leaves of potato were harvested and 40%, 60% and 80% maize were added in the process of silage,respectively ;and the sensory quality and nutritional value of the potato were analyzed at the end of the silage. The results showed that the addition of whole plant maize during the process of potato silage can improve the sensory quality of silage and increase its nutritional value,with an increase in the content of crude protein, soluble sugar and lactic acid, and reduce the content of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber（P〈0.05） ,in which 60% of the whole plant corn supplementation in silage achieves best silage quality. The addition of whole corn increased the silage quality and reduced the content of acetic acid and butyric acid in the potato silage（P〈 0.05）. In addition,the addition of whole plant corn significantly reduced the content of solanine（P 〈 0.05）and improved the palatability of potato stems and leaves. Therefore, the sensory quality and nutritional value of the stalks and leaves of the silage potato could be improved by mixing the stem and leaf of the potato and the whole plant corn in the Mixed Silage according to the proportion of 4：6.

关 键 词：全株玉米 马铃薯茎叶 青贮 营养价值 龙葵素 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]