抗氧剂对聚氨酯材料热稳定性的影响  

Influence of Hindered Phenol Antioxidants on Thermal Stability of Polyurethane

作　　者：董全霄 谢永江[2] 郑新国[2] 李书明[2] 曾志[2] 刘竞[2] DONG Quanxiaol,;XIEYongjaang;ZHENGXmguo;LI Shuming;ZENG Zhi;LIU Jing(Railway Technology Researeh Colloge,China Academy of Railway Scienees,Beijing 100081,China;Railway Engineering Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Seienees,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院研修学院,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《塑料》2018年第4期63-65,89,共4页Plastics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0310000);国家自然科学基金项目(21504003);中国铁道科学院基金项目(2016YJ034)

摘　　要：向聚氨酯中添加受阻酚抗氧剂可以提高材料的抗老化性能,研究了酚羟基对位为氢、甲基、乙基、叔丁基、羧基等不同基团的受阻酚抗氧剂对聚氨酯材料抗热氧老化性能的影响,用差示扫描量热仪表征了材料的氧化诱导时间,用热失重分析仪表征了材料在300℃时的热稳定性,结果表明,带有羧基的受阻酚抗氧剂可以使聚氨酯材料的氧化诱导时间由3 min提高到60 min,材料在300℃的损失重量由58%降低到30%。用二苯基苦基苯肼自由基分析了不同分子结构受阻酚抗氧剂清除自由基的能力,结果表明,带有羧基的受阻酚抗氧剂清除自由基的能力最强。分析了不同分子结构受阻酚抗氧剂对聚氨酯材料力学性能的影响,发现向聚氨酯中添加带有羧基的受阻酚抗氧剂,材料的拉伸强度由0.34 MPa提高到0.44 MPa。The influence of hindered phenol antioxidants with different molecular structures such as hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, tert-butyl and earboxyl groups on the thermo-oxidative resistance of polyurethane was investigated. The oxidation induction time of the materials was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry. The weight loss of the materials at 300 ℃ was characterized by a thermogravimetric analyzer. The results showed that the hindered phenol antioxidant with carboxyl group could increase the oxidation induction time of polyurethane from 3 rain to 60 min. The weight loss of at 300℃ decreased from 58% to 30%. The ability of several hindered phenol to scavenge free radicals was analyzed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazy radicals. The results showed that hindered phenol with carboxyl group had the strongest ability to scavenge free radicals. The influence of hindered phenol antioxidants with different molecular structures on the mechanical properties of polyurethane was analyzed. It was found that incorporation hindered phenol antioxidant with carboxyl groups to polyurethane increased the tensile strength of the materials from 0.34 MPa to 0.44 MPa.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 受阻酚 老化 降解 强度 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]