生态伦理何以需要生态乌托邦  

Why Does Ecological Ethics Need Ecotopia

作　　者：张彭松[1] ZHANG Peng-song(College of Philosophy,Heilongjiang University,Harbin,Heilongjiang,150080)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学哲学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《深圳大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2018年第4期147-153,共7页Journal of Shenzhen University：Humanities & Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目"现代性视角下中国公民道德建设研究"(17BKS120);黑龙江省普通高等学校青年学术骨干支持计划项目"人与自然伦理关系建构的乌托邦视角研究"(1254G047);黑龙江大学杰出青年科学基金项目"生态伦理的两难选择与整合研究--以现代性批评理论为视角"(JC2013W2)

摘　　要：从工业文明向生态文明的历史演进,不只是政治与经济的具体形态转变,也需要伦理观念的变革作为思想启蒙和文化先导。生态伦理思想的产生和发展就是承担着这一文明形态转型的历史使命而发挥着思想启蒙和文化先导的作用。目前的生态伦理研究往往陷入自然中心主义与人类中心主义的两难处境,一个重要的原因在于没有直面现代的道德价值观,尚未真正触及"现代性"道德的核心问题。恰恰是"现代性"道德的意识形态逻辑使原本具有整体有机论意味的生态伦理思想分裂为自然中心主义与人类中心主义的截然对立,失去了保护自然的道德合理性根据与道德实践的现实诉求。走在文明的转折点上,生态伦理研究需要引入乌托邦视角。在生态乌托邦思想的指引下,走出"现代性"道德的意识形态窠臼,走向超越与整合的生态伦理,在某种意义上发挥着生态文明的启蒙价值、思想动力和实践的力量。The historical evolution from industrial civilization to ecological civilization is not only the transformation of specific forms of politics and economies, but also requires the change of ethics as the enlightenment of ideas and culture. The emergence and development of ecological ethics is to assume the historical mission of this transformation of civilization and play the role of enlightenment and cultural leadership. The current research on ecological ethics often falls into the dilemma of natural centralism and anthropocentrism. An important reason is that it does not face the modern moral values and has not really touched the core issue of ＂modernity＂ morality. It is precisely the ideological logic of the ＂modernity＂ morality that splits the ecological ethics thought which originally had the overall organic meaning into diametrically opposed natural centralism and anthropocentrism, and loses the realistic demand of the moral rationality and moral practice to protect the nature. At the turning point of civilization, the ecological ethics research requires a utopian perspective. We should, under the guidance of ecological utopian thinking, get out of the ideological trap of ＂modernity＂ morality, move towards the ecological ethics of transcendence and integration, and to a certain degree, give full play to the enlightenment value, ideological motivation and practical power of ecological civilization.

关 键 词：生态伦理 生态文明 “现代性”道德 意识形态 生态乌托邦 

分 类 号：B82-058[哲学宗教—伦理学]