珠江口生物中多氯萘、六氯丁二烯和五氯苯酚的含量水平和分布特征  

Polychlorinated naphthalenes,hexachlorobutadiene and pentachlorophenol in biota of the Pearl River Estuary: Occurrence and congener profiles

作　　者：黄玉妹[1,2] 陈来国 任璐[1] 冯倩华 卢清[1] 刘明[1] HUANG Yumei;CHEN Laiguo;REN Lu;FENG Qianhua;LU Qing;LIU Ming(Urban Environment and Ecology Research Center,South China Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Environmental Protection,Guangzhou,510655,China;College of Marine Sciences,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,510642,China)

机构地区：[1]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所城市生态环境研究中心,广州510655 [2]华南农业大学海洋学院,广州510642

出　　处：《环境化学》2018年第8期1755-1762,共8页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41773130;41703095);广东省自然科学基金(2016A030310264)资助~~

摘　　要：为了解珠江口生物中新增持久性有机污染物多氯萘(PCNs)、六氯丁二烯(HCBD)和五氯苯酚(PCP)及其醚类(五氯苯甲醚,PCA)和酯类(月桂酸五氯苯酯,PCPL)的污染特征,本研究采集了珠江口鱼类、甲壳类(虾和蟹)和贝类(牡蛎)等生物样品,并分析了这些样品中PCNs、HCBD、PCP、PCA和PCPL的含量.珠江口牡蛎样品中PCNs的浓度(32—77 ng·g^(-1)脂重(lw))显著高于鱼类样品(3.0—27 ng·g^(-1)lw)和甲壳类的虾蟹样品(2.7—29 ng·g^(-1)lw)(P<0.01).低氯代的PCN2—PCN28是珠江口生物样品中PCNs的主要成分,其贡献率为76%—99%.牡蛎样品中PCNs的毒性当量为0.03—4.4 pg·g^(-1)lw,平均值为1.8±1.4 pg·g^(-1)lw,高于鱼类和虾蟹样品;PCN73是珠江口生物样品毒性当量的主要贡献者(60.8%—99.8%).珠江口生物样品中HCBD的浓度为n.d.—0.99 ng·g^(-1)lw,不同生物样品中HCBD的浓度没有显著性差异(P>0.05).PCA在生物样品中检出率高于PCP和PCPL.与其他研究相比,珠江口生物样品中PCP的浓度(n.d.—100 ng·g^(-1)lw)处于中等偏低水平.Concentrations and distribution characteristics of polychlorinated naphthalenes（ PCNs）,hexachlorobutadiene（ HCBD）, pentachlorophenol（ PCP）, pentachloroanisole（ PCA） and pentachlorophenyl laurate（ PCPL） were analyzed in fish,crustacea（ prawns and crabs） and shellfish（ oysters） samples collected from the Pearl River Estuary（ PRE）. PCN concentrations in oysters ranged from 32 ng·g^（-1） lipid weight（ lw） to 77 ng·g^（-1） lw,which were significantly higher than those in fish（ 3. 0—27 ng·g^（-1） lw） and crustacea（ 2. 7—29 ng·g^（-1） lw）（ P〈0. 01）. Lower chlorinated PCN congeners dominated in the total PCNs,with the contribution of ∑4 PCNs（ the sum of PCN2,PCN6,PCN13 and PCN28） ranging from 76% to 99%. The toxic equivalent quantities（ TEQs） of PCNs in oysters varied from 0.03 pg·g^（-1） lw to 4.4 pg·g^（-1） lw（ average： 1.8±1.4 pg·g^（-1） lw）,which were higher than those in fishes,prawns and crabs. PCN73 contributed the most to thetotal PCN corresponding TEQs,with percentages of 60. 8%—99. 8%. HCBD in biota samples varied from n. d. to 0. 99 ng·g^（-1） lw,and no significant differences were observed among three species investigated（ P〈0.05）. PCA was more frequently detected than PCP and PCPL in all the samples. In global comparison,PCP concentrations in the biota samples of this study were at low-to-middle levels.

关 键 词：多氯萘 六氯丁二烯 五氯苯酚 持久性有机污染物 生物 珠江口 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X52