空间航天器用动力吸振器设计与试验验证  

Design and experimental test of dynamic vibration absorber for space vehicle

作　　者：赵亚平 徐振邦[1] 夏明一[1] 贺帅[1] 秦超[1] ZHAO Yaping;XU Zhenbang;XIA Mingyi;HE Shuai;QIN Chao(Space Robot Engineering Center,Cbangcbun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanics and Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun,Jilin 130033,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所空间机器人工程中心,吉林长春130033 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《江苏大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第4期453-458,491,共7页Journal of Jiangsu University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11672290);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20160520074JH);中国科学院青年创新促进会基金资助项目(2014195)

摘　　要：为了抑制空间航天器的振动,提出一种空间结构紧凑且阻尼力可非接触产生的动力吸振器设计方案.首先,建立动力吸振器的减振效果评价分析模型;其次,对吸振器进行有限元分析和力锤敲击试验,以验证吸振器基频设计的合理性;最后,以等效悬臂梁板结构为对象,将电磁激励器与动力吸振器分别置于悬臂梁板不同位置,对吸振器进行减振效果测试.试验结果表明:吸振器测试基频29.38 Hz与目标基频30.00 Hz误差不超过2.06%;针对悬臂梁板一阶频率的振动,有电涡流阻尼吸振器相比于无电涡流阻尼吸振器,其减振效果有所下降,但减振带宽由28.80~30.97 Hz扩展至29.09~35.53 Hz,带宽扩大67.5%;针对悬臂梁板二阶频率的振动,无电涡流阻尼吸振器没有抑制作用,而有电涡流阻尼吸振器有抑制作用且对二阶共振峰最大抑制达到了37.3%.To suppress the vibration of spacecraft, a design scheme of dynamic vibration absorber （DVA） with compact spatial layout and noncontact damping force was proposed. The evaluation model of vibration damping effect for DVA was established. The finite element analysis and the hammer percussion experiment were carried out to verify the accuracy of frequency design for DVA. The electromagnetic actuator and the dynamic vibration absorber were placed at different position of cantilever beam to test the damping effect of DVA. The experimental results show that the frequency of DVA is 29.38 Hz, and the error is not more than 2.06% compared with target base frequency of 30.00 Hz. For the fundamental frequency vibration of cantilever beam, compared to the DVA without eddy current damper, the damping effect of DVA with eddy current damping is decreased, while the damping bandwidth is extended from 28.8030.97 Hz to 29.0935.53 Hz with bandwidth expanding of 67.5%. For the second order frequency vibration of cantilever beam, the DVA without eddy current damper has no effect, while the DVA with eddy current damping has suppression effect with the maximum suppression of 37.3% to the second order resonance peak.

关 键 词：动力吸振器 电涡流阻尼 减振效果 悬臂梁板 有限元分析 

分 类 号：O328[理学—一般力学与力学基础]