人员作业微环境仿真试验设计及模拟优化  

Optimal design and simulation of the micro-environment experiment with the personnel working post arrangement

作　　者：程卫民[1,2] 谢瑶 于海明 王宇 王怀远 孙绪坤 CHENG Wei-min;XIE Yao;YU Hai-ming;WANG Yu;WANG Huai-yuan;SUN Xu-kun(Key Lab of Mine Disaster Prevention and Control,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,Shandong,China;College of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学矿山灾害预防控制重点实验室,山东青岛266590 [2]山东科技大学矿业与安全工程学院,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2018年第4期1375-1380,共6页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(U1261205);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51404147)

摘　　要：为降低我国职业病的患病概率,考虑绝大多数作业场所涉及的风流、粉尘、瓦斯、CO及温、湿度等微环境特征,提出了一种人员作业微环境仿真试验平台,并基于Fluent软件采用DPM和Species Transport方程构建微环境数值仿真模型,以实现对人员作业微环境仿真试验方案的模拟优化。模拟结果表明,受人体仿真模型、粉尘、瓦斯及CO等微环境因素影响,仿真舱体内各微环境因素的扩散不均匀,当抽风机风量为400 m3/min、气溶胶发生器粉尘释放速度为10 m/s、环境温度为293 K、入口温度为303 K、入口加湿量达到100 kg/h、瓦斯和CO释放位置为距上顶板1/3位置处多点释放时,各微环境因素可达到绝大多数作业场所的仿真要求,最终确定出人员作业微环境仿真试验方案。The present paper intends to propose a personnel micro-environment simulation platform,which consists of the aerosol generator,the humidification machine,the vertical air conditioning device,etc. Such items can also be included as the micro-environmental information and data acquisition means,the periodic pressure respirator,the rectifier,and the dust electromoto. In order to reduce the prevalence of the occupational and professional disease in China,when taking onto account the micro environment features,including air,dust,gas,monoxide,temperature and humidity factors that the overwhelming majority of the working places and posts. Furthermore,we have also been trying to build up a microenvironment numerical simulation model based on the DPM and the species transformation equation of the Fluent software,so as to optimize the micro environment simulation testing experiment for the working personnel. The results of our investigation and analysis show that the air in the chamber embodiment may present a low trend in the middle and high areas at others because of the human body model,but at the end of chamber body,the flowing speed tends to increase gradually because of the abrupt contracting section,till the velocity may reach the maximal limit in the end exit. And,when the dust concentration reaches the highest limit at the inlet,the dust concentration may gradually getting to dilute with the diffusion; the greater the dust releasing rate,the more disorderly the dust moves with the air flow,and the longitudinal vortex may result crowded in the simulated chamber. The multiple points can only get released in a more well-distributed manner than in a single point released one on the condition when a significant concentration gradient change has taken place with a significant concentration gradient change in the temperature and humidity on the inlet boundary side. Thus,the above mentioned analysis helps us to find that the simulation results may suggest that the micro environment factors can meet the simulation demands

关 键 词：安全卫生工程技术 职业健康 微环境 作业场所 方案优化 

分 类 号：X45[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]