济南市东泺河底泥及其雨水汇水区地表灰尘中重金属的污染特征研究  

Heavy metal pollution features in the sediment and surface dust of the rainwater catchment area of Dongluo River in Jinan City

作　　者：王冬莹 庄涛 李迎霞[2] 宋宁宁[2] 赵玉强 WANG Dong-ying;ZHUANG Tao;LI Ying-xia;SONG Ning-ning;ZHAO Yu-qiang(Jinan Environmental Research Institute,Jinan 250102,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation,School of Environment,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]济南市环境研究院,济南250102 [2]北京师范大学环境学院、水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2018年第4期1586-1592,共7页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：以济南市东泺河为研究对象,采集了13个底泥样品和30个雨水汇水区地表灰尘样品,测定了Cd、Cr、Cu、Zn、Pb、As 6种重金属的质量比。分析了底泥与地表灰尘重金属的污染状况和空间分布特征,并通过统计分析对底泥与地表灰尘重金属的相关性和来源进行探讨。结果表明,底泥与地表灰尘样品中Cd、Cr、Cu、Zn、Pb质量比均不同程度地高于小清河沿岸土壤重金属背景值;采暖期与非采暖期地表灰尘重金属质量比有明显差异。底泥重金属质量比由南向北逐渐增高,北园大街以北Cu、Zn、Cd处于偏中污染水平;地表灰尘重金属质量比从大到小依次为小企业聚集区、商贸区、居住小区、混合区,且小企业聚集区、商贸区重金属综合生态风险达到中等水平。除Pb与Cr、As外,底泥重金属各元素之间相关性较强,地表灰尘重金属Cu、Zn、Cd 3种元素两两显著相关,底泥与地表灰尘重金属Cr存在极显著相关（p〈0.01）。源解析结果表明,人为影响对底泥和地表灰尘重金属的贡献最大,底泥重金属的人为混合源和交通源贡献率分别占79.6%和10.9%,地表灰尘重金属的人为混合源和建筑源贡献率分别占43.2%和22.9%。This paper has done an exploration of the concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb, and As in the 13 sediment collecting samples and 30 surface dust samples of the rainwater catchment area by taking Dongluo River as the research object. At the same time, we have also analyzed the pollution and spatial distribution characteristic features of the heavy metals in the targeted areas while the correlation and the original sources of heavy metals in the sediment and surface dust have been discussed through statistical sampling. The results of our analysis indicate that the average contents of Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb in the sediment and sur- face dust turn out to be higher than those of the soil background values along the Xiaoqing River Basin. Besides, we have also found there exist obvious differences of heavy metal contents in the surface dust between the heating and non-heating periods. Besides, we have also found that the contents of heavy metals in the sediment tend gradually to increase from the south to the north, while moderate pollution of Cu, Zn and Cd can be detected in the north of Beiyuan Street. Furthermore, the heavy metal contents in the surface dust have been found in a descending order as shown below ： the small industrial gathering areas 〉 the commercial areas 〉 the residential areas 〉 the mixed areas. Specifically speaking, the ecological risk level of the heavy metal remains moderate in the small industrial gathering areas and the commercial areas. However, a strong correlation has been detected between each kind of the heavy metals （except Pb and Cr, As） in the sediment, nevertheless there can be found merely a strong correlation between Cu, Zn and Cd in the surface dust, with the significant correlation at 0. 01 level for Cr in the sediment and surface dust. Moreover, the source apportionment results have been discovered through the investigation and determination that the highest contri- bution rate to the heavy metal pollution comes from the human activities both in the sediment and the sur

关 键 词：环境科学技术基础学科 重金属 底泥 地表灰尘 空间分布 相关性 源解析 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]