语段理论下现代汉语形容词句法分析  

An Analysis on Mandarin Chinese Adjectives Under Phase Theory

作　　者：王世龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学

出　　处：《语言教育》2018年第3期47-53,共7页Language Education

基　　金：广州市哲学社会科学发展"十三五"规划课题"语段理论下英语;SC;汉语名词短语左分枝提取对比研究"(项目编号:2017GZYB84)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：本文利用语段理论来分析现代汉语形容词的句法地位问题。通过汉语和其他语言的比较,我们提出:句法生成过程中,形容词同名词、动词一样也产生投射生成语段,和其他成分(名词、动词等)合并,生成更大的句法对象。形容词作谓语,其地位是和动词投射VP一样,和V等合并生成VP,然后生成TP,其结构类似于小句结构。形容词作定语,修饰名词,附加到名词短语。名词短语中"的"出现产生投射DeP,而形容词附加的位置也有所不同。形容词作补语有两种情况,或和动词合并,构成更大的动词成分;或合并为小句结构。形容词修饰动词,作为附加语合并到动词短语,作状语成分。Under the phase theory, this article analyzes the syntactic status of adjectives in Mandarin Chinese. Through the comparison with other languages, we propose that in the generative process, adjectives, similar to nouns and verbs, can also generate phase, and then merge with other elements （nouns or verbs etc.） to generate larger syntactic objects. As a predicate, similar to VP, AP can merge with v to generate vP, and then TP, with its structure similar to small clause. As an attributive, adjectives, being an adjunct, can modify nouns. The ＂De＂ in NPs can project higher DeP with adjectives being adjuncts to DeP. As a complement, adjectives can merge with a verb; or merge with other elements to generate a small clause. As an adverbial, adjectives, being an adjunct, can modify verbs.

关 键 词：形容词 语段 小句 附加语 删略 

分 类 号：H0[语言文字—语言学]