旅游目的地网络演化的空间过程及其影响因素研究——以野三坡旅游地为例  

Study on the spatial process of tourism destination network evolution and its influencing factors——a case study of Yesanpo tourism destination

作　　者：马慧强[1,2] 高苹 赵德宇[2] 席建超 MA Huiqiang;GAO Ping;ZHAO Deyu;XI Jianchao(Shanxi University of Finance and Economics,Institute of Tourism Management,Taiyuan 030000,China;Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research/Chinese Academie of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]山西财经大学旅游管理学院,太原030000 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所/区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049

出　　处：《资源科学》2018年第9期1890-1900,共11页Resources Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41671151);教育部2016年人文社科基金(16YJC890016)

摘　　要：网络化是旅游目的地空间演化的基本规律。本文以野三坡旅游地为案例,基于Arc GIS与UCINET软件平台,利用社会网络理论和空间分析方法,从网络规模、网络中心性以及网络结构演化三方面入手,揭示了1986—2015年野三坡旅游目的地网络的空间演变过程,并对其影响因素进行简要分析。研究发现:①野三坡旅游地网络日趋形成,网络规模不断扩大,网络联系逐渐增强,但空间分布不均衡,呈现以百里峡景区(核心景区)为核心,由西南向东北逐渐递减的空间格局。②整个网络的中心性呈现下降趋势,网络结构趋于均衡,网络节点具有明显的层次性,核心景区与中心城镇相较于周边的乡村社区与特色园区来说中心性指数更高,占据核心地位。③野三坡旅游地网络演化经历了单核集聚-双核共生-多核等级化-链式全域化四个空间过程,交通网络及可达性、旅游消费者、社区参与与旅游企业、政府政策与规划是影响旅游地网络形成和演化的四个重要因素。景区、城区、社区以及园区一体化发展的旅游产业集聚区作为旅游地网络研究的最小单元,为旅游地研究提供了新的理论范式,成为未来研究的重要趋势。Network is a basic law of spatial evolution of tourism destination. Based on the software platform of Arc GIS and UCINET, this study adopted the theory of social network and the method of spatial analysis, starting from three aspects： network scale, network centrality, and network structure evolution and took the Yesanpo tourism destination as an example, This paper identified the spatial evolution process of the tourism destination network of Yesanpo from 1986 to 2015 and briefly characterized its influencing factors. The study found that：（1） Yesanpo tourism destination network is increasingly forming, the network scale is expanding, and the network connection is gradually strengthening. However, the spatial distribution is not balanced, and the spatial pattern is gradually decreasing from the southwest to the northeast with the Bailixia scenic spot（the core scenic spot） as the core.（2） The centrality of the whole network shows a downward trend, the network structure tends to be balanced, and the network node exhibits an obvious hierarchy,compared to the surrounding rural communities and characteristic parks, the core scenic spots and central towns demonstrates a higher centrality index and occupies a core position. And（3） The network evolution of tourism destination in Yesanpo did experience four spatial processes： single nuclear agglomeration, a double core symbiosis, multi-core hierarchy, and chain full domain.Traffic accessibility, consumers, tourism enterprises, and government are the four important factors affecting the formation and evolution of tourism destination network. The smallest unit in the study of tourist destination network, the scenic spots, urban area, community, and the tourism agglomeration area of the integrated development of the park, provides a new theoretical paradigm for tourism destination research and becomes an important trend of future research.

关 键 词：旅游目的地 空间演化 影响因素 网络 

分 类 号：F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理]