路网环境下基于Unit模型的位置隐私保护方法  

Method for Location Privacy Protection in Road Network Environment Based on Unit Model

作　　者：赵逢达[1,2] 房秀秀 李贤善 ZHAO Feng-da;FANG Xiu-xiu;LI Xian-shan(College of Information Science and Engineering,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004,China;Key Laboratory for Software Engineering of Hebei Province,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004,China;Beijing Lianhe Tiancheng Jiazhi Network Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]燕山大学信息科学与工程学院,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]河北省软件工程重点实验室,河北秦皇岛066004 [3]北京联合天成价值网络科技有限公司,北京100089

出　　处：《小型微型计算机系统》2018年第9期1970-1977,共8页Journal of Chinese Computer Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61472341)资助;河北省教育厅高等学校科技计划青(QN2015109)资助;燕山大学青年教师自主研究计划项目(15LGA009)资助

摘　　要：基于位置的服务(LBS)为人们的日常生活带来很大便利,然而由此引起的用户隐私泄露问题也同样受到人们的关注.用户向LBS提交查询时必须提供确切位置信息,攻击者可根据用户的位置信息推断出该用户的私人信息进而做出一些违背道德法律的事情.为解决这个问题,现有的大部分空间匿名技术将用户的位置进行泛化,然后再发送到LBS服务器.本文基于路网环境提出一种新的路网模型,并以该路网模型提出一种新的路网匿名方法.首先,针对路网环境提出Unit路网模型,将道路网络划分为小的匿名单元,然后对匿名单元采用希尔伯特编码进行排序,为后面产生匿名区域和匿名区域扩展打下基础.其次,提出基于Unit路网模型的位置隐私保护算法.为保证服务质量,匿名区域的总长度不能超过一定的长度限制.因此在扩展匿名区域的时候只考虑有活跃用户的匿名单元.第三,提出在匿名区域内添加假用户的方法来提高匿名成功率.最后,基于理论分析和实验验证,证明了上述算法的有效性.The location-based services（LBS）bring great convenience to people′s daily life.However,the issue of user privacy leakage caused by this is also concerned by people.The users have to submit the exact location with a query to the LBS.The attacker can infer the user′s private information based on the user′s exact location information and make some things that violate the moral law.In order to solve this problem,most of the existing space anonymous technology obfuscate the user′s location,and then send the position to the LBS.Based on the road network environment,Dissertation proposes a new road network model,and proposes a new anonymous method based on this road network model.First of all,a Unit network model is proposed based on the road network environment.The road network is divided into small anonymous units,and then the anonymous units are sorted by Hilbert coding,which will lay the foundation for the anonymous area expansion.Secondly,a location privacy protection algorithm is proposed based on Unit network model.To guarantee the quality of service,the total length of the anonymous region cannot exceed a certain distance limit.So we only considered anonymous units with active users when extending the anonymous area.Finally,a method of adding false users in an anonymous area is proposed to improve the anonymous success rate.Finally,based on theoretical analysis and experimental verification,the effectiveness of the above algorithm is proved.

关 键 词：基于位置的服务 路网模型 希尔伯特编码 匿名单元 

分 类 号：TP311[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]