四川涉核地区食品放射性核素含量及其所致居民剂量  

Radionuclide contents in foodstuff collected from the regions surrounding nuclear facilities in Sichuan Province and their committed dose to public

作　　者：段娓桢 贺良国[1] 李林御 何玲[1] 张洋[1] DUAN Weizhen;HE Liangguo;Li Linyu;HE Ling;ZHANG Yang(Sichuan CDC,Chengdu 610041 China)

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2018年第3期201-205,共5页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

摘　　要：目的分析四川省核设施周边地区食品中天然和人工放射性核素含量,了解其所致居民剂量。方法分别采集四川省A-E市核设施周边和对照区粮食、蔬菜、奶粉、茶叶、肉类五类食品样品,依据国家标准,使用高纯锗(HPGe)γ能谱仪测量样品中^(238)U、^(226)Ra、^(131)I、^(232)Th、^(137)Cs、^(134)Cs、^(58)Co、^(100)Ag^m、^(60)Co、^(40)K等放射性核素的比活度,进行统计学分析,并对其所致居民剂量进行估算。结果197个有效样品中,放射性核素检出率^(40)K(100%)>^(232)Th(50.8%)>^(226)Ra(38.5%)>^(238)U(15.2%)>^(137)Cs(13.2%);26个样品检测出人工放射性核素^(137)Cs,^(137)Cs比活度均未超过国家浓度标准,川内产奶粉比活度高于川外产奶粉;样品放射性核素所致居民总年待积有效剂量平均为0.22 m Sv,人工放射性核素^(137)Cs所致年待积有效剂量平均值为7.81×10^(-6)m Sv。结论四川省食品放射性核素水平及所致居民剂量与国内外相关研究一致。Objective To analyze the artificial and natural radionuclide contents in foodstuff surrounding the nuclear facili- ties in Sichuan Province, and evaluate their committed dose to public. Methods Samples including grain, vegetables, meat, milk powder and tea in 5 regions surrounding the nuclear facilities were collected, and the specific activities of 238U, 238Ra, 131I, 232Th, 137Cs, 134Cs,100Agm,58Co,60Co, and40K were analyzed by using high purity germanium （HPGe） gamma- ray spectrometry. Results Among the 197 samples, the detectable rates of 40K, 232Th, 226Ra, 238U and 137Cs were 100%, 50.8% , 38.5% , 15.2% and 13.2% , respectively. Even though 137Cs was detected out in 26 samples, its activity did not exceed the national standard. The activity in milk powder produced in Sichuan was higher than those of other provinces. The total committed effective dose to adults caused by radionuclides in foodstuff was estimated to be 0.22 mSv, and the effective dose of 137Cs was 7.81×10 -6 msv. Conclusion The radionuclide contents in foodstuff and their committed dose to public in Sichuan Province are close to other reported values at home or abroad.

关 键 词：食品 放射性核素 Γ能谱 137^Cs 待积有效剂量 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]