糯玉米成熟度对其种子活力的影响  

Effect of Seed Maturity Level on Seed Vigor of Waxy Corn

作　　者：吴地[1] 蒋益敏[1] 蒙成[1] 卢石圣 陈德健 梁庆平[1] WU Di;JIANG Yimin;MENG Cheng;LU Shisheng;CHEN Dejian;LIANG Qingping(Guangxi Agricultural Vocational College,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业职业技术学院,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2018年第9期38-41,共4页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西高校中青年教师基础能力提升项目"甜加糯型玉米育种材料创新"(2017KY1134);国家现代农业产业技术体系广西创新团队(玉米)(Nycytxgxcxtd-04-04);2018年广西农业职业技术学院学生创新课题(XSK2018003)

摘　　要：为探明不同成熟度糯玉米种子的活力,明确玉米的最适收获期,以糯质玉米杂交种南8424×福93和自交系南1815种子为试验材料,于授粉后20~52d收获果穗,通过室内发芽试验和田间幼苗试验研究不同成熟度种子的活力差异。结果表明:糯玉米杂交种相对于纯合自交系,具有明显的杂种优势,其种子活力更强;不同成熟度对种子的发芽势、发芽率、成苗率、幼苗干物质量和活力指数的影响均达显著水平,随授粉后收获时间的延迟,各项测定指标出现先升高后降低的趋势;南8424×福93杂交种制种以授粉后36d收获为宜,而南1815自交系种子繁殖以授粉后40d收获为宜。The ears of the hybrid line （South 8424 ×F93） and inbred line （South 1815） were respectively harvested during 20-52 d after pollination and the vigor difference of corn seeds with different maturity level was measured by an indoor germination and field test to explore the vigor of waxy corn seeds with different maturity level and discuss the optimum harvesting stage of waxy corn seeds. Result： The hybrid has an obvious heterosis compared with homozygosis inbred line and its seed vigor is higher than the inbred line. There are significant differences in germination potential, germination rate, emergence rate, seedling dry matter quality and vigor index between different maturity levels of seeds. With delay of harvesting time after pollination, various measured indexes all show an increase at first and then decrease tend. The optimum harvesting time of South 8424× F93 and South 1815 ears is in 36 d and 40 d after pollination respectively.

关 键 词：糯玉米 杂交种 自交系 成熟度 活力指数 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]