陕甘宁边区新文字扫盲教育实验与《汉语拼音方案》制定  

Anti-illiteracy Education Experiment with Latinized New Writing in Shaan-Gan-Ning Border Region and the Formulation of The Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet

作　　者：栗洪武[1] 樊红蕾 Li Hongwu;Fan Honglei(Li Hongwu,Ph.D.in Education,professor and doctoral supervisor of School of Education,Shaanxi Normal Universit;Fan Honglei,doctoral student of School of Education,Shaanxi Normal University,＆ lecturer of Xi＇an International Studies University（Xi＇an 710062)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学教育学院 [2]西安外国语大学

出　　处：《教育研究》2018年第7期120-126,共7页Educational Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题“陕甘宁边区教育史料整理与研究”(课题批准号：BOA150031)的研究成果.

摘　　要：拉丁化新文字是中国文字改革继国语罗马字之后的一个新成果。徐特立、吴玉章主持的陕甘宁边区新文字扫盲教育,是拉丁化新文字作为工农大众扫盲和普及教育工具实践中规模最大、时间最长、效果最好的实验活动。从1936年初至1943年春,先后两次、历时六年,在全边区范围开展试用新文字扫盲,并用新文字教学汉字的教育实验,既丰富了边区新民主主义教育特别是社会教育的新内容,又是一次很有意义的文字改革教育试验。它积累了中国文字改革若干可贵的经验与教训,而且为1958年制定《汉语拼音方案》提供了重要的理论和实践依据。Latinized New Writing is a new achievement in Chinese language reform after Romanized Chinese.Initiated by Xu Teli,and Wu Yuzhang and intended to eliminate illiteracy and popularize education among workers and farmers,the mass anti-illiteracy education experiment in Shaan-Gan-Ning border region has the largest scale,the longest duration,and best effect.From 1936 to 1943,the experiment has been launched twice and lasted for more than six years,trying to use Latinized New Writing to eliminate mass illiteracy and assist the learning of Chinese characters.The experiment is a significant reform of Chinese writing system because it not only enriches the contents of new democratic education,especially the contents of social education in the border region,but also accumulates precious experience in Chinese language reform.In particular,it has provided an important theoretical and practical basis for the formulation of The Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet in 1958.

关 键 词：徐特立 吴玉章 拉丁化新文字 陕甘宁边区 扫盲教育实验 

分 类 号：G722[文化科学—成人教育学]